铜基钎料的研究进展及应用  

Research Progress and Application of Copper-based Brazing Filler Metal

作　　者：杨骄 龙伟民 鲍丽 刘攀 杨浩哲 YANG Jiao;LONG Weimin;BAO Li;LIU Pan;YANG Haozhe(State Key Laboratory ofAdvanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology,Zhengzhou Institute of Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《电焊机》2022年第4期21-28,共8页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005452)。

摘　　要：随着钎焊技术的发展,各种合金钎料也应运而生。与银基钎料相比,铜基钎料具有强度高、成本较低、钎焊性能好、硬度适中、钎焊接头性能好、钎料流动性较好等优点,可以广泛应用于航空航天、机械制造、能源及石化工业等领域,满足了绿色环保要求并增加经济效益,受到国内外学者和研究人员的高度重视。但铜的熔化温度过高,通常采用合金化手段即添加一些元素以降低熔点。主要针对近年来受到广泛关注的几类铜基合金钎料——铜锡钎料、铜锌钎料、铜磷钎料,结合国内外有关铜基钎料研发的一些实例,对有关铜基钎料的研究报道进行了评述,讨论工艺参数对接头组织与性能的影响。梳理了当前铜基钎料在制备与钎焊过程中存在的问题和难点,并对未来的发展与研究提出了展望。With the development of brazing technology, a variety of alloy brazing materialshave also come into being. Compared with silver-based brazing, copper-based brazing has the advantages of high strength, low cost, good brazing performance, moderate hardness, good performance of brazing head, good fluidity of brazing, etc., and can bewidely used in aerospace, machinery manufacturing, energy and petrochemical industries, etc.,to meet the requirements of green environmental protection and increase economic benefits. It is highly valued by scholars and researchers at home and abroad. However, the melting temperature of copper is too high, and alloying is usually used to add some elements to reduce the melting point.This paper mainly reviews several types of copper-based alloy fillers that have received widespread attention in recent years-copper-tin fillers, copper-zinc fillers, copper-phosphorus fillers, combined with some examples of copper-based brazing research and development at home and abroad, reviews the research reports on copper-based brazings,discusses the influence of process parameters on the structure and properties of the butts. And finally, the current problems and difficulties in the preparation and brazing process of brazing have been sorted out, and the prospects for future development and research have been put forward.

关 键 词：铜基合金 Cu-Sn系钎料 Cu-P系钎料 Cu-Zn系钎料 

分 类 号：TG425[金属学及工艺—焊接]