反应堆压力容器环形试件对焊接头力学不均匀性测试研究  

Study on Mechanical Unevenness Measurement of Ring Component Butt Joint for Reactor Pressure Vessel

作　　者：李玉光[1] 付强[1] 董元元[1] 邱阳[1] 胡甜 刘川[2] LI Yuguang;FU Qiang;DONG Yuanyuan;QIU Yang;HU Tian;LIU Chuan(Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Materrails Science and Engineering,Jangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,四川成都610041 [2]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《电焊机》2022年第4期64-70,共7页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：为实现反应堆紧凑布置,反应堆压力容器内设计了多个复合功能的复杂环形构件,此类结构形式首次出现在反应堆压力容器设计中,属于大厚度、高拘束度焊缝结构形式,使得环形构件与反应堆压力容器内壁焊接接头残余应力呈现高幅值和分布复杂的特点;而此类结构长期在高温、高压、强辐照环境下服役并承受交变载荷作用,对结构安全性、可靠性等要求很高,因此有必要对反应堆压力容器内环形件与容器内壁大厚度焊接结构焊接残余应力的不均匀性进行仔细研究和分析,以便为反应堆压力容器环形试件对焊接头性能评估奠定技术基础。采用微冲剪和显微硬度方法测试了反应堆压力容器16MND5低合金钢环形试件对焊接头的力学分布规律。结果表明:对焊接头抗拉强度横向分布不均,呈M型,峰值强度出现在热影响区;对焊接头抗拉强度厚度方向分布不均,母材区波幅35 MPa、焊缝区波幅77 MPa、热影响区波幅80 MPa;对焊接头维氏硬度分布趋势与微冲剪测试结果一致,印证了微冲剪测试结果的合理性。In order to realize the compact layout of the reactor, several complex annular components with composite functions are designed in the reactor pressure vessel. This structural form appears in the reactor pressure vessel design for the first time. It belongs to the structural type of large thickness and high restraint weld, which makes the residual stress of the welded joint between the annular component and the inner wall of the reactor pressure vessel show the characteristics of high amplitude and complex distribution. This kind of structure has been in service under high temperature, high pressure and strong irradiation environment for a long time and bears alternating load for a long time, which has high requirements for structural safety and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully study and analyze the non-uniformity of welding residual stress between the ring part in the reactor pressure vessel and the large thickness welded structure on the inner wall of the vessel, so as to lay a technical foundation for the performance evaluation of the welded joint of the ring specimen of the reactor pressure vessel. The mechanical distribution of butt welded joints of 16MND5 low alloy steel ring members of reactor pressure vessel is tested by micro punching shear and micro hardness methods. The results show that the transverse distribution of tensile strength of butt welded joints is uneven, showing an M-shaped distribution, and the peak strength appears in the heat affected area. The tensile strength of the welded joint is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction, and the wave amplitude in the base metal area is 35 MPa, the wave amplitude in the weld area is 77 MPa, and the wave amplitude in the heat affected area is 80 MPa. The distribution trend of Vickers hardness of welded joints is consistent with the test results of micro punching shear, which confirms the rationality of the test results of micro punching shear.

关 键 词：大厚度低合金钢 对焊接头 抗拉强度 微冲剪试验 力学不均匀性 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]