人工湿地新型陶粒基质的制备及除磷性能研究  

Novel Ceramsite Substrate of Constructed Wetland:Preparation and Study on Phosphorus Removal

作　　者：李强[1] 张敬申 梁瑞恒 王世龙[1] 高镜清[1] 宋勃震 黄真真 褚军辉 LI Qiang;ZHANG Jingshen;LIANG Ruiheng;WANG Shilong;GAO Jingqing;SONG Bozhen;HUANG Zhenzhen;CHU Junhui(School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Water Conservancy and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Gathering and Transportation Brigade of 2nd Oil Production Plant,Henan Oilfield,Nanyang 473132,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学水利科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001 [3]河南油田采油二厂集输大队,河南南阳473132

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第12期13-22,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX07602-003-002);河南省重大科技专项(18100310300);中国博士后科学基金会(2020TQ0284,2020M682355);中原英才计划(ZYYCYU202012183);河南博士后基金会(202003027);“河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室”开放基金(CJSP2021007)。

摘　　要：以聚氯化铝残渣(PACR)为主要原材料,经过破碎、筛选、混合、成球、预热、煅烧等工序制备陶粒基质。通过正交设计-极差分析法的探究,确定出陶粒基质的最佳制备条件:PACR∶膨润土=14 g∶6 g,蛋壳0.6 g,煅烧温度600℃,煅烧时间60 min。采用SEMEDS、XRD等表征磷吸附前后其微观形貌、元素变化及晶体结构。静态吸附实验表明,制备的陶粒基质具有较好的磷吸附特性,去除率可达99.74%,吸附量可达4.12 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,受物理化学过程控制。Freundlich和Langmuir模型均能较好地拟合陶粒基质对磷的吸附特征,表明陶粒基质为磷吸附提供了均相单层和非均相多层活性位点。饱和吸附磷的形态分析表明,铝、钙、铁对磷的化学吸附是陶粒基质主要的吸附机理。动态吸附试验表明,Thomas模型和Yoon-Nelson模型均能较好模拟陶粒基质的动态吸附数据,进水磷浓度越大,陶粒基质吸附柱的穿透时间越短。可见利用PACR制备的陶粒基质,不仅可以广泛应用于污水中磷的净化处理,还能够解决河南巩义地区PACR的处理问题,达到变废为宝、绿色环保的目的。Ceramsite substrate was prepared by crushing,screening,mixing,pelletizing,preheating and calcining using polyaluminium chloride residue(PACR)as the main raw materials.Through orthogonal design-range analysis,the best preparation condition of ceramsite substrate determined was:the ratio of PACR∶bentonite was 14 g∶6 g;amount of eggshell0.6 g,calcination temperature 600℃,and calcination time 60 min;and SEM-EDS and XRD were used to characterize the micromorphology,element changes and crystal structure of the ceramsite substrate before and after phosphorus adsorption.Furthermore,static adsorption experiment was conducted,which indicated that the prepared ceramsite substrate possessed good phosphorus adsorption characteristics,with the removal rate of 99.74%and the adsorption capacity of 4.12 mg/g;the adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic model and was controlled by physical and chemical processes;the adsorption isotherm fairly fit the Langmuir and Freundlich models,indicating that ceramsite substrate could provide homogeneous monolayer and heterogeneous multilayer active sites for phosphorus adsorption;and the speciation analysis for the adsorbed phosphorus revealed that the chemisorption by aluminum,calcium and iron in ceramsite substrate was the dominant adsorption mechanism.Finally,the laboratory dynamic column experiment conducted revealed that the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models could used to well simulate the dynamic adsorption data of ceramsite substrate:the higher the phosphorus concentration in the influent,the shorter the penetration time of the adsorption column of ceramsite matrix.In general,the ceramsite made from PACR could be used in constructed wetland as a potential substrate for removing phosphorus in sewage;besides,the headache problems of solid waste such as PACR in Gongyi area of Henan Province would find a way to tackle.In summary,the aim of turning waste into treasure and green environmental protection could be expected to attain.

关 键 词：聚氯化铝残渣 陶粒基质 除磷 吸附 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]