从单一主体到五社联动:社会工作者推动农村社区治理结构优化的行动研究  

From a Single Agency to“Alliance of Five Agencies”:An Action Research of How Social Workers Contribute to the Optimization of Governance Structure in a Rural Chinese Community

作　　者：卓彩琴[1,2,3] 马林芳 方洁虹 严嘉铭 ZHUO Caiqin;MA Linfang;FANG Jiehong;YAN Jiaming

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学公共管理学院社会工作系 [2]广东省社会科学研究基地“广东省减贫治理与乡村振兴研究院” [3]广东省社会科学研究基地“广东省社会保障与社会政策研究中心” [4]华南农业大学公共管理学院社会工作系,广州510642 [5]佛山市南海区北斗星社会工作服务中心,佛山528200

出　　处：《社会工作》2022年第2期46-63,107-109,共21页Journal of Social Work

摘　　要：农村社区治理主体单一,严重影响了农村社区治理效能,社会工作者可以发挥专业优势,推动社区治理结构优化。本文采用行动研究法,以S村社区营造项目为例,探讨社会工作推动农村社区治理结构从单一主体型向五社联动协同共治型转变的发生过程。研究发现,社会工作在街道授权下以外部专业人才嵌入社区,发挥专业优势,成为社区治理结构优化的推动力;社会工作通过自我增能成为社区治理的重要新主体,并通过培育社区社会组织、社区志愿者,重点采用增能策略提升了他们参与社区治理的意识和能力,也成为社区治理的积极新主体;社会工作发挥“联结”功能,透过集体决策和行动,初步促成了五社联动下的协同共治行动。A single governance agency has negative influences on the governance effectiveness in rural communities.Social workers can utilize their professional strengths to promote the optimization of governance structures in these communities.Using the community development program of S village as a case,the current study employed the action research method to explore how social workers promoted the governance structural transition from a single agency type to an“Alliance of Five Agencies(五社联动)”type.Before social worker professional interventions,the villager’s governance committee and the party branch of S village used to organize villagers to form a“villagers’self-governance association”with the authorization of administrations.However,due to limited time and capacity,the initiatives failed by passively receiving services,and the“villagers’self-governance association”appeared as a self-governance tool of the villager’s committee and the party branch.Then,social workers were authorized to engage in community governance through the government’s purchase of social services.During 7.5 years of social work activities,social workers have experienced three stages in participating in community development:the first step was preliminarily proposing community-themed activities;the second step was to activate villagers’subjective creation with the nurturing of community social organizations as the core;the final step is to engage collaborative governance creation with a goal of sustainable community development.Finally,the five agencies of the community(villager’s governance committee and the party branch),social workers,community social organizations,and community volunteers were linked together with community charitable resources.Thus,the community governance structure of“collaborative co-governance of an alliance of five agencies”has been formed with the core leadership of the villager’s committee and the party branch.The results have several findings regarding the logic of social workers

关 键 词：社会工作者 农村社区治理 治理结构 五社联动 行动研究 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]