爆热弹中产物组分演化的计算研究  

Study on Thermodynamic Evolution of Detonation Products in the Detonation Bomb Test

作　　者：王中友 李星翰 甘云丹 施逸蕾 刘福生[1] 仲凯[3] 苏健军[3] WANG Zhong-you;LI Xing-han;GAN Yun-dan;SHI Yi-lei;LIU Fu-sheng;ZHONG Kai;SU Jian-jun(School of Physical Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation,Mianyang Chengdu 621900,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院,四川成都610031 [2]冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室,四川绵阳621900 [3]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2022年第2期229-242,I0004,共15页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(No.11902276);国防科工局基础科研项目(No.JCKYS2019212007);北京应用物理和计算数学研究所重点实验室基金(No.6142A05190301);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.2682021CX075)。

摘　　要：为了研究炸药爆轰产物的演化规律,建立了产物自由膨胀模型和等体积放热模型,基于自编热化学程序(DLCHEQ)和多种经验方法,计算了标准爆热弹实验中PETN、RDX、HMX和TNT 4种炸药产物从CJ点到常温点的组分和热力学状态演化过程。结果表明,基于DLCHEQ计算的3个重要物理量(CJ状态、准静压和爆热值)都与实验值吻合很好,远小于其他方法的计算误差,验证了DLCHEQ的可靠性。CJ点后产物组分间发生了显著的化学反应。计算揭示了外界条件对产物组分间反应的影响规律:敞开空间爆炸时产物发生吸热且大量生成气体的反应;封闭空间爆炸时产物发生放热且大量消耗气体的反应。计算还预言了4种炸药可能存在独特的组分对称现象:CJ点爆轰产物主要组分和低温点(300~400 K)基本一致。In order to explore the evolution law of the explosive detonation products,the free expansion model of products and equal volume heat release model are established.Based on the self-written thermochemical program(DLCHEQ)and several empirical methods,the composition of the products and the evolution process of thermochemical state from CJ point to normal atmospheric temperature in the standard bomb test of PETN,RDX,HMX and TNT.The result shows that the CJ state,quasi-static pressure,detonition heat are in good agreement with the experiment results and the calculation error is far less than the other methods,which vertifies the reliability of DLCHEQ.The obvious chemical reaction takes place between the products after CJ point.The calculation reveals the law of the effect of the external conditions on the reaction within products components.The detonition products will absorb heat and generate amounts of gas in the open space.On the contrary,the products will release heat and consume gas in the closed space.The calculation also predicts that there is a unique symmetry phenomenon of component in four explosives probably and the main components of detonition products at CJ point are in accordance with those at low temperature around 300 K to 400 K.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 爆热弹 爆轰产物 状态方程 DLCHEQ 组分演化 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O38[理学—流体力学]