南方规模奶牛场胎衣滞留发病规律研究  

Research on the Incidence Regularity of Retained Placenta in a Large-scale Dairy Farm in Southern China

作　　者：杨利基 夏青 张琴妹 张晓慧 赖霞 葛鑫 YANG Liji;XIA Qing;ZHANG Qinmei;ZHANG Xiaohui;LAI Xia;GE Xin(Bright Farming Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200436;Shanghai Institute of Dairy Science,Shanghai 200436)

机构地区：[1]光明牧业有限公司,上海200436 [2]上海奶牛研究所有限公司,上海200436

出　　处：《中国乳业》2022年第4期61-67,共7页China Dairy

摘　　要：胎衣滞留是奶牛常见的代谢性疾病,对奶牛健康和奶牛场生产的影响较大。本文以南方某规模奶牛场2021年1—12月分娩的牛群数据为基础,从不同月份、干奶天数、妊娠天数、围产天数、围产牛体况等方面研究了该奶牛场胎衣滞留的发病规律。结果显示:该奶牛场热应激期间,胎衣滞留率大幅增加;头胎牛的胎衣滞留率低于经产牛,并且胎次越高胎衣滞留率越高;干奶天数不足,胎衣滞留率会明显增加;妊娠天数越短,胎衣滞留率越高;围产天数越少,胎衣滞留率越高;围产牛体况评分过低或过高,胎衣滞留率都会增加;青年牛投产月龄增加,胎衣滞留率也明显增加;母牛产公犊时的胎衣滞留率高于母犊;出现难产时胎衣滞留率增加,奶牛胎位不正、怀双胎、死胎等牛的胎衣滞留率较高,而胎儿初生重的高低没有显著地影响胎衣滞留率。Retained fetal membranes(RFM)in dairy cows is a common metabolic disease in dairy farms,which has a great impact on cows’ health and production. This article was based on the data from January to December 2021 in a large-scale dairyfarm in the south. Research on patterns of RFM from different months,dry perioddays,gestation days,perinatal days,transition cows’ body condition and so on. The results showed that:RFM increased significantly during the heat stress period;RFM increased when parity increased;RFM increased when dry period days insufficient;RFM increased when gestational days decreased;RFM increased when transition days decreased;RFM increased both when transition cows’ body conditions core was low or high;RFM increased significantly with the calving age of heifers increasing;RFM of cows giving birth of male was higher than female;RFM increased when dystocia occurred,and the cows with fetal dystocia such as malposition,twin and stillbirth have higher rate,but the weight of calves had no effect on RFM.

关 键 词：胎衣滞留 发病规律 热应激 干奶天数 妊娠天数 体况评分 难产 双胎 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]