城市外卖送餐员生命质量现状及影响因素研究  

Current status of quality of life and its influencing factors among urban takeaway delivery riders

作　　者：胡芳[1] 吴玉霞[1] 谢之辉 张焕生[1] HU Fang;WU Yu-xia;XIE Zhi-hui;ZHANG Huan-sheng(Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 230032,China;Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市普陀区疾病预防控制中心,上海230032 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院,上海200025

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2022年第4期422-425,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市普陀区卫生系统自主创新科研资助项目(Ptkwws201811)。

摘　　要：目的了解城市外卖送餐员的职业健康状况和生命质量,分析其生命质量的影响因素,为提高外卖送餐员的职业健康和生命质量提供理论依据。方法采取随机抽样的方法,使用自制外卖送餐员基本情况调查表与SF-36生命质量量表,通过问卷星对240名外卖送餐员进行在线问卷调查。采用t检验、方差分析、非参数检验、多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果本次调查共发放电子问卷240份、回收有效问卷236份、问卷有效率98.33%;被调查对象中,男性229人(占97.03%)、女性7人(占2.97%);平均年龄为(31.28±7.69)岁;生命质量8个维度平均得分由高到低依次为生理功能(92.48±16.59)分、生理职能(87.39±29.85)分、躯体疼痛(87.14±6.47)分、社会功能(86.65±17.61)分、情感职能(84.74±32.15)分、总体健康(83.25±16.54)分、精神健康(70.64±17.08)分和活力(69.41±19.08)分。自觉受尊重者生理健康和心理健康得分均较高,每日睡眠时间长、与家人同住者生理健康得分较高,小学及以下文化程度和年龄在45岁及以上者心理健康得分较高。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,生理健康的影响因素有文化程度、家人同住、睡眠时长;心理健康的影响因素有性别、年龄、文化程度和受尊重程度。结论城市外卖送餐员生命质量各维度得分较高,年龄、文化程度、睡眠时长、受尊重程度、家人同住是城市送餐员生命质量的主要影响因素,应重点关注该人群的心理健康。Objective To survey the status of occupational health and quality of life(QOL)among urban food delivery staff,to analyze the factors influencing their QOL,and to provide a theoretical basis for improving their occupational health and QOL.Methods A random sampling method was used to select 240 takeaway delivery riders,and then the 36-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)and a self-designed questionnaire about individual general information were used to conduct an on-line questionnaire survey by using Questionnaire Star Platform.t test,variance analysis,nonparametric test and multivariate linear regression were performed to statistically analyze factors affecting QOL.Results A total of 240 electronic questionnaires were distributed in this survey,and 236 valid ones were retrieved,with the valid questionnaire rate of 98.33%.There were 229(97.03%)men and 7(2.97%)women among the surveyed subjects,and the average age was(31.28±7.69)years.The mean scores of 8 dimensions of the SF-36 from the highest to the lowest appeared as physical functioning(92.48±16.59),role-physical(87.39±29.85),bodily pain(87.14±6.46),social functioning(86.65±17.61),role-emotional(84.74±32.15),general health(83.25±16.54),mental health(70.64±17.08)and vitality(69.41±19.08).The scores of physical component summary(PCS)and mental component summary(MCS)were found to be higher in delivery riders who described themselves as respected persons by others.The scores of PCS were higher in delivery riders with longer daily sleep duration and ones living with their family members,while the scores of MCS were higher in delivery riders with an education level of primary schooling or below and ones aged 45 years and above.The results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that factors influencing PCS were education level,living with family members,and longer daily sleep duration,while factors influencing MCS were gender,age,education and level of being respected.Conclusion The score of each dimension of QOL in the urban food delivery rider

关 键 词：生命质量 外卖送餐员 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]