基于微波辐射计数据的秦岭南北水汽和云底高度等参量的差异  

Water Vapor and Cloud Base Heigh Difference Between the North and South of Qinling Mountains Based on Microwave Radiometer Measurements

作　　者：李金辉 周毓荃[3] 岳治国[1,2] 王瑾 宋嘉尧 雷连发 LI Jinhui;ZHOU Yuquan;YUE Zhiguo;WANG Jin;SONG Jiayao;LEI Lianfa(Shaanxi Weather Modification Center,Xi’an 710016;Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Meteorology for the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateaue,Xi’an 710016;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081;Northern Sky Information Technology(Xi’an)Co.LTD,Xi’an 710014)

机构地区：[1]陕西省人工影响天气中心,西安710016 [2]秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室,西安710016 [3]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [4]北方天穹信息技术(西安)有限公司,西安710014

出　　处：《气象》2022年第4期452-458,共7页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0601704)资助。

摘　　要：利用微波辐射计分析了秦岭南北的水汽、液态水含量、湿度、云底高度等特征,结果表明:秦岭北垂直积分水汽量年平均为18.52 kg·m^(-2),秦岭南为20.94 kg·m^(-2),90%以上水汽秦岭北平均高度为4.26 km,秦岭南为3.87 km;垂直积分液水含量,秦岭南年平均为0.13 kg·m^(-2),秦岭北年平均为0.12 kg·m^(-2),两者相差不多;秦岭腹地的空气湿度大,秦岭南年平均相对湿度75.3%,秦岭北年平均相对湿度为59.8%,秦岭南比秦岭北平均相对湿度大15.6%;云底高度,秦岭南年平均为3817.5 m,秦岭北年平均为4396 m,中云云底高度年平均差异不大;降雨时秦岭南云底年平均高度为323.3 m,较秦岭北低,二者相差42.2 m。The characteristics of water vapor,liquid water content,humidity and cloud base height in the north and south of Qinling Mountains are analyzed by using microwave radiometer.The results show that the annual average of vertically integrated water vapor in the north of Qinling Mountains is 18.52 kg·m^(-2),and that in the south of Qinling Mountains is 20.94 kg·m^(-2).The average height of more than 90%water vapor in the north of Qinling Mountains is 4.26 km,and that in the south of Qinling Mountains is 3.87 km.The average annual water content of vertical integrated liquid water content is 0.13 kg·m^(-2) in the south of Qinling Mountains and 0.12 kg·m^(-2) in the north of Qinling Mountains.The air humidity in the hinterland of Qinling Mountains is high.The annual average relative humidity in the south of Qinling Mountains is 75.3%,and that in the north of Qinling Mountains is 59.8%.The average relative humidity in the south of Qinling Mountains is 15.6% higher than that in the north of Qinling Mountains.The average height of cloud base is 3817.5 m in the south of Qinling Mountains and 4396 m in the north of Qinling Mountains.The annual average height of cloud base in the south of Qinling Mountains is 323.3 m,which is 42.2 m lower than that in the north of Qinling Mountains.

关 键 词：微波辐射计 垂直积分水汽总量 垂直积分液水总量 人工影响天气 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P421