激光大气运动参数测量技术研究进展及展望(特邀)  

Advances and Prospects of Laser Measurement Technology for Air Motion Parameters(Invited)

作　　者：岳亚洲[1,2] 李彬 雷宏杰 YUE Yazhou;LI Bin;LEI Hongjie(Xi'an Flight A utomatic Control Research Institute,AVIC,Xi'an 710065,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aircraft Control,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所,西安710065 [2]飞行器控制一体化技术国防科技重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第4期1-15,共15页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：航空科学基金(No.20200007018001);国防科技重点实验室基金(No.WDZC2022601A103)。

摘　　要：飞机大气运动参数(如空速、迎角、侧滑角等)由传统机载大气数据系统测量得到,传统大气数据系统存在测量失灵、空速管结冰等诸多性能缺陷,已不能满足现代飞机对机动性、可靠性、安全性、舒适性、经济性等性能要求,为克服传统大气数据系统的缺陷,国外率先开展了激光方法测量大气运动参数。本文介绍了激光大气运动参数测量技术的原理及实现的两种技术方案,综述了激光大气运动参数测量技术在大气运动参数精确测量、传统大气数据系统飞行校准、飞机前方风切变、湍流的探测识别等方面的应用情况。最后对激光大气运动参数测量技术未来发展趋势以及量子技术的应用进行了展望。The air motion parameters(such as air speed,angle of attack,angle of sideslip,etc.)of an aircraft, which are important source parameters for flight control, navigation, and mission decision making,are usually measured by traditional airborne air data system,and can be used in flight stability control,accurate navigation and precise weapon launch. But the traditional air data system can no longer meet the performance requirements of modern military and civil aircraft in maneuverability,stealth,reliability,safety,comfort and economy due to the performance defects,such as measurement failure at low air speed and large maneuvers, significant aerodynamic delay, pitot tube icing, poor stealth performance,susceptibility to aircraft air turbulence,requiring complex compensation,etc.,which result from its mechanical,nonlinear,near the fuselage measurement characteristics. To overcome the defects of the traditional air data system,the method using laser technology for measuring air motion parameters was first developed abroad,which can completely solve the defects of traditional airborne air data system due to its characteristics of high accuracy,high linearity,measurement far away form fuselage,embedded installation, etc.. In this paper, the principle, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the traditional method and laser method for measuring air motion parameters are compared and analyzed. The obvious advantages and advancements of the laser measurement technology for air motion parameters make it a research hotspot at home and abroad. Throughout the technology development,the laser measurement technology for air motion parameters can be categorized two schemes including direct detection and coherent detection. The principle and composition of the two technical schemes are presented. Then the advantages and disadvantages of the two technical schemes are compared. The two technical schemes of laser measurement technology for air motion parameters,which have their advantages respectively,are developed synchronou

关 键 词：大气数据系统 光学大气数据系统 大气运动参数 激光多普勒雷达 大气数据校准 风切变 湍流 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]