折流坎对竖井旋流式消能工涡室水力特性影响的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Effect of Baffle on Hydraulic Characteristics of Vortex Chamber in Vertical Shaft

作　　者：赵国安 杨红宣[1] 沈春颖[1] 徐一民[1] 苟超 李镇旭 ZHAO Guoan;YANG Hongxuan;SHEN Chunying;XU Yimin;GOU Chao;LI Zhenxu(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期75-82,共8页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52069009);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0056)。

摘　　要：竖井旋流式消能工具有结构简单、布置灵活、无明显雾化以及消能率高等诸多优点,近年来被广泛应用于各种中小型水利工程.竖井旋流式消能工具能够顺利运行的主要因素就是下泄水体在涡室内能够达到既定的起旋效果.采用物理模型试验以及数值模拟的方法,通过改变引水道的引涡比数值,使得入涡水流环向速度明显增大,平稳通过竖井段下落至底部消力井内.通过对涡室水流的流态以及整体结构消能率进行数据分析,结果表明:引涡比数值的增大与流量的增加均会使进入到涡室中的水流贴壁效果增强以及环向绕流流速明显增加,下泄水体不会对消力井产生冲击破坏;过大的引涡比会严重影响整个竖井旋流式消能工的过流能力,当引涡比在0.547附近时涡室内的水流流态较好,既能够使竖井内的水流沿边壁螺旋平稳下落,还能够使得涡室内进口处不发生明显的壅水进而影响整体结构的泄流能力,并且在该体型下的综合消能率最高.Vertical shaft rotary flow energy dissipation tool has many advantages such as simple structure,flexible layout,no obvious atomization and high energy dissipation rate,which has been widely used in various small and medium-sized hydraulic engineering in recent years.The main factor for its smooth operation is that the discharge water can achieve the established rotation effect in the vortex chamber.In this study,physical model test and numerical simulation were used to change the vortex ratio of the diversion channel,so that the circumferential velocity of the vortex inflow water increased significantly and fell down to the bottom of the damping well smoothly through the shaft section.The flow pattern of vortex chamber and energy dissipation rate of whole structure are analyzed.The results show that with the increase of vortex ratio and flow rate,the effect of water sticking to the wall and the velocity of circumferential flow in the vortex chamber will increase obviously,and the discharge water will not cause impact damage to the damping well.Excessive lead vortex ratio will seriously affect the entire shaft of swirling flow of ability.When lead vortex ratio is around 0.547,the flow regime in the vortex chamber is good.The flow in the shaft smoothly spirals down the border wall,and there is no obvious backwater in the vortex chamber inlet which may affect the discharge capacity of the whole strueture.The comprehensive energy dissipation is also the highest in this situation.

关 键 词：旋流-竖井 折流坎 引涡比 水力特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]