“嫦娥五号”发射及入轨段X频段测控任务设计  

X-Band TT&C Design in Launch and Early Orbit Phase for Chang’E-5

作　　者：李海涛[1] 程承[1] 黄磊[1] 陈少伍[1] 李宇波[2] 强立 康凯 LI Haitao;CHENG Cheng;HUANG Lei;CHEN Shaowu;LI Yubo;QIANG Li;KANG Kai(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology,Beijing 100094,China;China Satellite Marine Track&Control Department,Jiangyin 214431,China;Xi’an Satellite Control Center,Xi’an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]中国卫星海上测控部,江阴214431 [3]西安卫星测控中心,西安710043

出　　处：《深空探测学报（中英文）》2022年第2期183-190,共8页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

基　　金：探月工程三期关键技术研究资助项目。

摘　　要：X频段测量具有精度高、无线电干扰少等优势,已成为月球与深空探测的主用频段。“嫦娥五号”任务探测器首次在发射段使用X频段测控。与S频段测控相比,X频段在发射及入轨段存在目标动态范围大、地面天线波束更窄、系统捕获时间长等不足。发射“嫦娥五号”探测器的“长征五号”火箭采用了窄窗口多轨道发射方案,两者共同对测控系统发射段快速捕获、测量船位选择和入轨后地面站首次捕获提出了更高的要求。针对“嫦娥五号”发射及入轨段的测控重点难点,采用了特征点覆盖船位分析、多普勒预置快速扫描捕获和入轨段欧洲航天局(European Space Agency,ESA)库鲁站与中国阿根廷深空站协同备份等方法,设计X频段测控任务总体方案,有效降低了任务实施的风险,保障了任务成功。总结“嫦娥五号”任务成功经验,对未来月球与深空任务测控总体设计、建设规划提出了建议。Due to advantage of high measurement accuracy and less interfere.X band TT&C had been the main frequency band in lunar and deepspace exploration.Chang’E-5 used X band TT&C in launch phase first time.Compared with S band,X band had the shortage of wider target dynamic range、narrower antenna beam、and shorter system acquisition time.Furthermore Long March 5 rocket used narrow window multi-orbit launch plan.Both of them asked for higher requirements in launch phase quick acquisition,TT&C ship position determination,first acquisition of ground station after separation.In view of the difficulties of narrower ground antenna beam,wider frequency dynamic range,and wider receiver bandwidth of explorer in the launch and early orbit phase for Chang’E-5,an overall plan of the X-band was designed by using such methods as analyzing ship position covered by feature points,Doppler preset fast scan capture and cooperated backup of deep-space stations between ESA(European Space Agency)and Kuru,which effectively reduced the risk of implementation and ensured the success of the mission.Chang’E-5 mission has laid a foundation for the overall design and construction planning of the future lunar and deep space TT&C mission.

关 键 词：嫦娥五号 发射及入轨段 双向捕获 测控总体设计 

分 类 号：V566[航空宇航科学技术]