醋酸纤维素纳米纤维复合气凝胶的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of cellulose acetate nanofiber composite aerogels

作　　者：尹思迪 胡光凯 黄涛[1] 俞昊[1] YIN Sidi;HU Guangkai;HUANG Tao;YU Hao(State Key Laboratory of Fiber Material Modification,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2022年第2期26-30,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：以醋酸纤维素(CA)为原料,通过静电纺丝制备CA纳米纤维;将CA纳米纤维在去离子水中形成均匀的分散体,然后在分散液中引入N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(HAM),通过冷冻、热处理制备CA纳米纤维/HAM复合气凝胶(CNFA);探讨了HAM添加量对CNFA力学性能和隔热性能的影响。结果表明:当纺丝液CA质量分数为15%时,静电纺CA纳米纤维表面光滑无串珠,平均直径为247 nm;CNFA在微观上呈现多孔结构和相互连接的纳米纤维网络;随着分散液中HAM含量逐渐增加,CNFA的压缩应力和导热系数逐渐增加,HAM质量分数从0.11%增加到0.55%,CNFA在应变为60%时的压缩应力从1.08 kPa提高到2.48 kPa,导热系数从27.67 mW/(m·K)增加到32.31 mW/(m·K);CNFA具有简单的力学可操控性、良好的形状稳定性及优越的隔热阻冷性能。Cellulose acetate(CA)nanofibers were prepared from CA by electrospinning and were uniformly dispersed in deionized water to produce CA nanofiber/HAM composite aerogels(CNFA)by introducing N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide(HAM)into the dispersion prior to freezing and heat treatment.The effects of HAM addition on the mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties of CNFA were discussed.The results showed that the electrospun CA nanofibers had a smooth surface without beads and the average diameter of 247 nm when the mass fraction of CA in spinning solution was 15%;CNFA presented porous structure and interconnected nanofiber network at the microscopic level;the compressive stress and thermal conductivity of CNFA gradually increased with the increase of HAM content in the dispersion;the compressive stress of CNFA increased from 1.08 kPa to 2.48 kPa at a strain of 60%and the thermal conductivity increased from 27.67 mW/(m·K)to 32.31 mW/(m·K)when the mass fraction of HAM increased from 0.11%to 0.55%;and CNFA had simple mechanical maneuverability,good shape stability and superior heat and cold insulation performance.

关 键 词：醋酸纤维素纳米纤维 静电纺丝 气凝胶 隔热性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ341.2[化学工程—化纤工业]