三维电法及激光扫描技术在矿房空区探测中的应用  

Application of Three-dimensional Electrical Method and Laser Scanning Technology in the Detection of Mine Empty Area

作　　者：王福全 王立杰 王社光 张素娜 耿帅 杨航 WANG Fuquan;WANG Lijie;WANG Sheguang;ZHANG Suna;GENG Shuai;YANG Hang(Shahe Zhongguan Iron Mine Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Iron and Steel Group)

机构地区：[1]河北钢铁集团沙河中关铁矿有限公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2022年第4期50-53,共4页Modern Mining

摘　　要：矿房空区探测是地下金属矿山进行空区充填治理的前提。以某铁矿地质条件复杂、冒落风险大且没有作业空间的大直径深孔矿房为工程背景,以矿房顶部中段沿脉及穿脉巷道为作业面,采用三维高密度直流电法,以光滑约束最小二乘法为原则进行反演分析,获得不同高度的顶板和垂直切片图、电阻率等值线图,对多个矿房空区是否存在异常冒落情况做出正确判识。对存在异常的空区及时采取处理措施,对无异常的空区采用无人机三维激光扫描技术进行精准探测,获得单体矿房空区三维模型,为下一步矿房空区充填治理提供准确的基础数据。结果表明,先用三维高密度电法对多矿房空区进行初步筛查异常,再用激光扫描进行精准探测,可为冒落风险大的深孔矿房空区探测提供一种新的技术手段。Mine room empty area detection is the premise of empty area filling treatment in under⁃ground metal mines.Taking a large-diameter deep-hole room with complex geological conditions,high risk of caving and no working space in an iron mine as the engineering background,taking the middle sec⁃tion of the top of the room along the vein and the roadway crossing the vein as the working surface,the three-dimensional high density direct current method is adopted,and the smooth constrained least square method is used as the principle to carry out the inversion analysis.The roof and vertical slice maps and re⁃sistivity contour maps of different heights are obtained,and the correct judgment is made on whether there is abnormal caving in multiple room empty areas.Timely measures are taken to deal with the abnormal mined-out area.UAV 3D laser scanning technology is used to accurately detect the non-abnormal mined out area,and the 3D model of the single mined-out area is obtained,which provides accurate basic data for the next filling treatment of the mined-out area.The results show that the three-dimensional high densi⁃ty resistivity method is used to preliminarily screen the anomalies in the empty area of multiple mines,and then the laser scanning is used for accurate detection,which can provide a new technical means for the de⁃tection of the empty area of deep-hole mines with high risk of caving.

关 键 词：矿房空区探测 高密度电法 三维激光扫描 

分 类 号：TD325.3[矿业工程—矿井建设] P631.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]