贵阳市乌当区多肉植物品种适宜性评价  

Suitability Evaluation of Succulents Cultivars in Wudang District of Guiyang City

作　　者：杜忠友[1] 胡小京[2] 韦朝妹 王庆 宫杰芳[1] DU Zhongyou;HU Xiaojing;WEI Chaomei;WANG Qing;GONG Jiefang(Management Committee of Guizhou Guiyang National Agricultural Science and Technology Zone,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018;Agricultural College,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州贵阳国家农业科技园区管理委员会,贵州贵阳550018 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第4期111-118,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵阳市科技计划项目“多肉植物新优品种繁育及高效设施栽培关键技术集成与示范”[筑科合同(2021)3-5]。

摘　　要：【目的】构建多肉植物品种评价体系,筛选适宜贵阳地区引种栽培的多肉植物品种,为多肉植物的推广应用提供参考。【方法】采用层次分析法,从观赏品质、适应性、生长状况和市场认可度4个方面(14个评价指标)构建多肉植物品种综合评价模型,并对吉娃莲、红稚莲、蓝石莲等105种多肉植物进行综合评价。【结果】在14个评价指标中,花色(P_(1))、叶色(P_(2))、繁殖能力(P_(9))、生长速度(P_(10))和批发销量(P_(14))是多肉植物在贵阳地区引种栽培的重要评价指标。根据综合指数大小将105个品种分为5个评价等级,评价等级为Ⅰ级的种类有18种,包括吉娃莲、红稚莲、草地芦荟等,适合在贵阳地区引种栽培;评价等级为Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级的种类有53种,包括虹之玉锦、蓝石莲、玉吊钟等,引种时根据实际情况选用;评价等级为Ⅳ和Ⅴ级的种类有34种,包括雷童、女王花笠、琉璃殿等,不适合在贵阳地区引种栽培。【结论】采用层次分析法能有效对多肉植物品种进行综合评价和分级,共筛选出Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级43个适宜性好、观赏价值高、市场前景好的优良多肉植物品种。其中,Ⅰ级多肉品种可在贵阳地区推广种植,Ⅱ级多肉品种根据实际情况选用。【Objective】To construct the evaluation system of succulents cultivars,screen the succulents variety suitable for Guiyang,and provide reference for the popularization and application of succulent plant.【Method】using analytic hierarchy process,a comprehensive evaluation model of succulent plant varieties was constructed from aspects of ornamental quality,adaptability,growth status and market recognition,which included 14 evaluation indexes.105 succulent plant varieties were comprehensively evaluated.【Result】Among the 14 evaluation indexes,flower color(P_(1)),leaf color(P_(2)),reproductive ability(P_(9)),growth speed(P_(10))and wholesale sales volume(P_(1)4)are important indexes in evaluating the succulent plant introduced and cultivated in Guiyang.105 succulent plants can be divided into 5 grades.Grade Ⅰconcludes 18 plants,which are Echeveria chihuahuaensis Poelln,E.macdougallii Walther,Aloe pratensis Baker,and so on,which are suitable for introduction and cultivation in Guiyang.A total of 53 species are evaluated as grade Ⅱor Ⅲ,including Sedum rubrotinctum‘Roseum’,E.peacockii‘Desmetiana’,Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi‘Rosy Dawn’,etc.,which are selected according to the actual situation during introduction.There are 34 species with evaluation grades of Ⅳand Ⅴ,including Delosperma echinatum(Lam.)Schwantes,Echeveria cv.‘Meridian’,Haworthiopsis limifolia(Marloth)G.D.Rowley,etc.,which are not fit to introduction and cultivation in Guiyang.【Conclusion】The analytic hierarchy process can effectively evaluate and grade the succulents cultivars,and 43 excellent succulent plant varieties from grade Ⅰand Ⅱwith good suitability,high ornamental value and good market prospect are screened out,which can be popularized and planted in Guiyang.

关 键 词：多肉植物 引种 适应性 乌当 贵阳 

分 类 号：S682.33[农业科学—观赏园艺]