陕甘边红二十六军建军前史研究——与陕甘边历史研究中一些观点的商榷  

Research on the History of the 26th Red Army in Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region Before Its Establishmentt——Discussion With Some Viewpoints in the Historical Research of Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region

作　　者：黄正林[1] Huang Zhenglin

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《苏区研究》2022年第2期5-33,共29页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“陕甘宁边区制度史研究”(15ZDB042)。

摘　　要：八七会议后,在武装反抗国民党统治的斗争过程中,陕西地方党组织和刘志丹、谢子长等开始了建立革命军队的探索。他们在这个探索过程中创立了“三色”革命理论,并进行了不同的实践,最终建立了中国工农红军第二十六军。红二十六军是在刘志丹南梁游击队和晋西游击队会合后建立的红军陕甘游击队基础上,先后汇集各路兵变、改造的农民武装,逐渐发展壮大起来的。所以,红二十六军是多源合流而形成。从西北反帝同盟军到红二十六军成立时期,部队尚未形成如何正确处理内部分歧的机制,发生了“三甲塬缴枪”事件。红二十六军和陕甘边建立时期,正是王明“左”倾路线在党中央占统治地位的时期,中共陕西省委几乎全盘接受了“左”倾路线,导致红军陕甘游击队南下关中建立根据地和开展游击战争屡遭失败。红军陕甘游击队总指挥频频更替,是中共陕西省委执行“左”倾路线的结果,并非所谓“刘阵营”“谢阵营”斗争的结果。After the August 7 th Meeting, in the course of the armed struggle against the Kuomintang rule, Shaanxi local party organizations of the CPC, Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang began to explore the establishment of a revolutionary army. In the process of this exploration, they proposed the "three-color" revolutionary theory and carried out different practices, and eventually established the 26 th Army of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. The 26 th Red Army was established on the basis of the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla of the Red Army after the meeting of Liu Zhidan’s Nanliang Guerrilla and Western Shanxi Guerrilla. The 26 th Red Army successively gathered and transformed the peasant armed forces of various military mutiny, and gradually grew up. Therefore, the 26 th Red Army was formed by the confluence of multiple sources. From the period of the Northwest Anti-Imperial Allied Army to the establishment of the 26 th Red Army, the army had not yet formed a mechanism to handle internal differences properly, and the incident of " Surrender of Guns in Sanjiayuan " occurred. Wang Ming’s "Left" route was dominant in the Party Central Committee during the time when the 26 th Red Army and the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region established. Shaanxi provincial party committee of the CPC almost completely accepted the "Left" route, resulting in repeated defeats for the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla of the Red Army to go south to Guanzhong to establish base areas and carry out guerrilla warfare. The frequent replacement of the general command of the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla of the Red Army was not the result of the struggle of the so-called "Liu camp" and "Xie camp", but the result of Shaanxi provincial party committee of the CPC’s implementation of the "Left" route.

关 键 词：刘志丹 谢子长 陕甘边 红军陕甘游击队 红二十六军 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]