面向薄壁零件的黏滞阻尼器设计及试验  

Design and tests of viscous damper for thin-walled parts

作　　者：陈甜甜[1] 李道靖 张素燕 刘争 杨毅青[1] CHEN Tiantian;LI Daojing;ZHANG Suyan;LIU Zheng;YANG Yiqing(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Capital Aerospace Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191 [2]首都航天机械有限公司,北京100076

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第7期68-73,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91960108,51675032);航天CALT基金(CALT2020-ZD11)。

摘　　要：薄壁零件刚性差,在铣削过程中极易出现颤振,且随着材料的快速去除,其动力学特性快速变化导致切削稳定性多变。研究基于黏滞阻尼原理的被动抑振技术,以增加薄壁零件阻尼、提升切削稳定性。以空气为例作为填充介质,对所设计阻尼器进行模态测试和激振试验。模态测试表明该阻尼器能大幅提升薄壁件阻尼,振动峰值下降约60%,且对多阶振动模态具有抑制作用;激振试验表明薄壁圆筒零件振动加速度下降36%~67%。The rigidity of thin-walled parts is poor,and chatter is easy to occur in milling process where with rapid removal of materials,thin-walled parts’ dynamic characteristics change quickly to cause changeable cutting stability.Here,the passive vibration suppression technique based on the principle of viscous damping was studied to increase damping of thin-walled parts and improve their cutting stability.Air was taken as filling medium,modal tests and vibration-exciting tests of the damper designed for thin-walled parts were performed.Modal tests showed that the designed damper can greatly improve damping of thin-walled parts,reduce their vibration peak by about 60%,and suppress multi-order vibration modes.Vibration-exciting tests showed that the vibration acceleration of thin-walled cylinder parts with the designed damper decreases by 36%-67%.

关 键 词：薄壁件 铣削 阻尼 黏滞阻尼 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]