分段式叶片质量分布对风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应的影响  

Effects of segmented blade mass distribution on axial movement and gyroscopic effect of wind wheel

作　　者：李治国[1,2] 郝波 刘乐 高志鹰[2,3] 汪建文[2,3] LI Zhiguo;HAO Bo;LIU Le;GAO Zhiying;WANG Jianwen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;MOE Key Lab of Wind and Solar Energy Utilization Technology,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古工业大学风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第7期193-198,249,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51866012,51366010);内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2018ZD08);内蒙古工业大学科学研究项目(X201702)。

摘　　要：为探究水平轴风力机分段式叶片质量合理化分布方案,优化叶片结构动力学性能,重点研究分段式叶片质量分布方式对风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应的影响。利用单向流固耦合技术、湍流模型SST方程数值模拟方法及内蒙古工业大学风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室检测设备,考究两段式叶片、三段式叶片的8种质量分布对上述两类振动的影响。结果表明:叶尖质量为60%时对轴向窜动位移影响达15.38%,塔架位移影响范围扩大,加剧叶根和发电机主轴疲劳损伤。叶中质量为60%时对轴向窜动位移影响较小约3.45%;高速旋转的风轮动量矩不断改变方向易在叶根处产生回转式剪切应力,三叶片在同一时刻气动载荷的不对称、质量分布的不均匀使切向力时刻变化,叶尖质量为60%时对陀螺效应振动频率影响达33.50%以上;降低轴向窜动最佳选择为质量分布6方案,降低陀螺效应频率最佳选择为质量分布1方案,同时考虑轴向窜动和陀螺效应最佳选择为质量分布5方案。该结果为降低风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应提供可行方案,为优化分段式叶片质量分布提供数据支撑。Here,to explore rational distribution scheme of segmented blade mass of horizontal axis wind turbine and optimize dynamic performance of blade structure,effects of segmented blade mass distribution on axial movement and gyro effect of wind wheel were studied.Using the unidirectional fluid-structure interaction technology,the numerical simulation method for the turbulence model SST equation and the testing equipment of MOE Key Lab of wind energy and solar energy utilization technology in Inner Mongolia University of Technology were adopted to study effects of 8 mass distribution schemes of 2-segment blade and 3-segment blade on wind wheel axial movement and gyro effect.The results showed that when blade tip mass is 60%,its influence on axial displacement is 15.38%,and the affected range of tower displacement is expanded to aggravate fatigue damage of blade root and generator main shaft;when mass in middle of blade is 60%,its less impact on axial displacement is about 3.45%;when momentum moment of high-speed rotating wind wheel constantly changes direction,it is easy to produce rotary shear stress at blade root;asymmetric aerodynamic load and uneven mass distribution of 3-blade at the same moment change tangential force constantly;when blade tip mass is 60%,its influence on gyro effect frequency is more than 33.50%;the optimal choice to reduce axial movement is the 6 th mass distribution scheme,the optimal choice to reduce gyro effect frequency is the 1 st mass distribution scheme,and the optimal choice simultaneously considering axial movement and gyro effect is the 5 th mass distribution scheme;the study results can provide a feasible scheme for reducing axial movement and gyro effect,and provide data support for optimizing mass distribution of segmented blades.

关 键 词：分段式叶片 质量分布 轴向窜动 陀螺效应 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]