青海大通县典型林分的枯落物和土壤蓄水能力评价  

Evaluation of litter and soil water-holding capacity of typical stand in Datong,Qinghai

作　　者：张静 贾洪文 李远航 左亚凡 林莎 王帅军 王作枭 贺康宁 ZHANG Jing;JIA Hongwen;LI Yuanhang;ZUO Yafan;LIN Sha;WANG Shuaijun;WANG Zuoxiao;HE Kangning(School of Soil and Water Conservation, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China;Qinghai Province Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, 810100, Xining, China;Power China Huadong Engineering Corp., 310000, Hangzhou, China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持国家林业局重点实验室,北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心,林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [2]青海省水利水电勘测设计研究院,西宁810100 [3]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,杭州310000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2022年第2期106-114,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：青海省科技厅科技成果转化专项“祁连山林草植被结构调整与功能提升试验示范”(2020SF144)。

摘　　要：青海大通县是高寒丘陵区实施退耕还林工程的典型区域,由于其作为生产生活聚集区及重要水源地的环境特点,准确评价该区域典型林分的水源涵养功能具有至关重要的作用。在大通县塔尔沟流域内选取青杨林、白桦林、青海云杉林、落叶松林、青海云杉白桦混交林及青海云杉落叶松混交林6种典型林型,采用主成分分析法和模糊物元法计算各林型的林地蓄水能力。各林型中林地蓄水能力依次为青海云杉白桦混交林>白桦林>青海云杉林>青海云杉落叶松混交林>落叶松林>青杨林。云杉白桦混交林是青海大通县水源涵养能力表现最佳的林分,可作为指导该地区林分功能提升的理想林分类型。[Background]Since the implementation of the Grain for Green Program in Datong county of Qinghai province,the existing forest area has been growing steadily,but due to the single forest structure,poor stability and lack of tending and management,the ecological service functions such as water conservation and soil and water conservation in this region are weak.It is of great significance for rational management of plantation and improvement of water conservation function of forest ecosystem to understand and evaluate the water-holding capacity of each forest stand.[Methods]Six typical forest stand types of Populus cathayana,Betula platyphylla,Picea crassifolia,Larix principis-rupprechtii,Picea crassifolia&Betula platyphylla,Picea crassifolia&Larix principis-rupprechtii in Ta′ergou watershed of Datong county,Qinghai province were taken as the research objects.PCA(principal component analysis)was used to select the main influencing factors and construct the evaluation index system,and then fuzzy matter element method was applied to give objective weight.Finally,the water-holding capacity of 6 typical forest stand types in Ta′ergou watershed of Datong county was evaluated by comprehensive scoring method.[Results]1)The thickness and volume of litters in coniferous forests were the largest.The maximum water-holding capacity of litter ranged from 58.91-107.84 t/hm^(2),and that of the P.crassifolia&L.principis-rupprechtii was the largest.The effective water-holding capacity of litter ranged from 31.74-60.14 t/hm^(2).The P.crassifolia&B.platyphylla was the largest,and the maximum value was 1.89 times as much as the minimum value.2)Soil physical properties were generally mixed conifer-broadleaf forest>broad-leaved forest>coniferous forest.The variation range of field water-holding capacity in 0-20 cm soil layer was 40.58-63.15 t/hm^(2),and the P.crassifolia&B.platyphylla was the largest,which had significant difference with other stands(P<0.05).3)The weight value of soil layer accounted for 66%,which was higher than tha

关 键 词：枯落物持水性能 土壤持水性能 主成分分析法 模糊物元法 高寒丘陵区 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]