印地语——英语的语码混合与语码转换研究  

A Study on Code-mixing and Code-switching of Hindi and English

作　　者：高熙睿 GAO Xirui

机构地区：[1]哥伦比亚大学国际与公共事务学院

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2022年第2期122-138,157,158,共19页South and Southeast Asian Studies

摘　　要：“印式英语”是概念谬误。该研究路径存在三大问题:(1)核心概念谬误;(2)强调英语变量,忽略印地语变量;(3)不符合印度语言生活事实。印地语-英语混用现象属于语码混合与语码转换的研究范畴。印地语-英语混用包括印地语-英语语码混合、英语-印地语语码混合与印地语-英语语码转换。印地语-英语语码混合是采用天城体字母和印地语语法的书面语与英语语码的句内混合,也见于口语。印地语-英语语码混合分为转写型、复合型与缩写型三类,缩写型是印地语学习的难点。英语-印地语语码混合是采用拉丁字母和英语语法的书面语与印地语语码的句内混合。印地语-英语语码转换是在对话中以句为单位交替使用英语和印地语。印地语-英语混用位于印地语、印地语-英语语码混合、印地语-英语语码转换、英语-印地语语码混合和英语的连续统上。印地语-英语语码混合与语码转换存在稳定的混合-转换规则。用天城体字母转写拉丁字母是印地语-英语语码混合出现形位和音位融合的根本原因。“印式口音”并非口音,其语音规则具有内在逻辑,不以使用者为转移。印地语-英语混用随着印度现代化进程的推进和对外交流的增加会愈发频繁,英语新词汇不断通过语码混合和语码转换进入印地语,而印地语词汇则通过英语-印地语语码混合被英语吸纳。“Hinglish”is a conceptual fallacy.There are three problems in this research path:firstly,fallacy of core concept;secondly,emphasizing English variable,while ignoring Hindi variable;thirdly,inconsistency with the fact of Indian language life.The linguistic phenomenon of Hindi-English mixing belongs to the domain of code-mixing and code-switching of sociolinguistics.It includes Hindi-English code-mixing,English-Hindi code-mixing,and Hindi-English code-switching.Hindi-English code-mixing mainly occurs in written language in the Devanagari alphabet and Hindi grammar with English codes,which also occurs in spoken language.Hindi-English code-mixing can be divided into three types:transliteration,compound,and abbreviation.The abbreviation type is the difficulty of Hindi learning.English-Hindi code-mixing is an intra-sentence mixing of Hindi codes by using the Latin alphabet and English grammar.Hindi-English code-switching is language switch between English and Hindi in a conversation.The linguistic phenomenon of Hindi-English mixing is on the continuum of Hindi,Hindi-English code-mixing,Hindi-English code-switching,English-Hindi code-mixing,and English.There are stable mixing-switching rules for code-mixing and code-switching of Hindi and English.The transliteration of the Latin alphabet with Devanagari is the root cause of the morphological and phonetic fusion of the Hindi-English code-mixing.So called“Indian accent of English”is not a real accent of speakers,and its pronunciation rules have internal logic and are not subject to individual speakers.Hindi-English mixing will become more frequent with the process of India's modernization and the increase of foreign exchanges.New English vocabularies will continue to enter Hindi through code-mixing and code-switching,while English will absorb some Hindi vocabularies through English-Hindi code-mixing simultaneously.

关 键 词：印地语-英语混用 语码混合 语码转换 《觉醒日报》 

分 类 号：H712[语言文字] H31