集体记忆、社区舆论与村庄福利:农村家庭养老的持续机制  

Collective Memory,Community Consensus and Village Welfare:The Sustainable Family Support System for the Elderly

作　　者：梁晨[1] Liang Chen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2022年第1期196-209,M0007,共15页Journal of Social Development

摘　　要：改革开放以来,我国广大欠发达农村地区的家庭结构发生巨变,加之社会保障制度发展不够完善,这使得农村养老问题日渐凸显。本文以华北某村为案例,结合当下农村社会文化、家庭结构变化现状,讨论农村老人自身的行为逻辑与村庄内部特征及约束,并分析了农村家庭养老在家庭结构发生变化的情况下得以持续的原因。本文认为,村庄社区经验传承和软硬约束具体表现为“集体记忆”“社区舆论”和“村庄福利”,从内在和外在两方面影响农村养老:村庄内的经验会塑造集体记忆,从维护家庭内部和谐角度出发实现养老目标;社区舆论和村庄福利从软硬两方面约束着子女的养老行为,使得农村家庭养老体系在社会的变迁中可以持续。In China’s vast underdeveloped rural areas,the aging problem is becoming increasingly more prominent due to the great changes in family structure and the defects of the social security system.Based on a case study of a village in Hebei province,this paper explores the rural elderly’s behavioral logic and the village’s internal characteristics and constraints.Moreover,it explains why family support for the elderly can be sustained when the family structure transforms.This study suggests that the inheritance of village community experience and various constraints embodied in“collective memory,”“community consensus,”and“village welfare”affect the family support for the elderly.From the internal aspect,the inheritance of village community experience always shapes collective memory,which gives older adults the experience of achieving the goal of receiving offspring’s support to maintain family harmony.From the external aspect,community consensus and village welfare constrain children’s neglect of filial duties.

关 键 词：家庭养老 集体记忆 社区舆论 村庄福利 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济] C912.63[社会学]