降氡方法在室内氡污染治理中的应用与分析  

Application and analysis of radon-reduction methods in indoor radon pollution control

作　　者：寇珊珊 武云云[1] 宋延超[1] 张庆召[1] KOU Shanshan;WU Yunyun;SONG Yanchao;ZHANG Qingzhao(Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100088 China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,辐射防护与核应急,中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2022年第2期149-152,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的探索降低住宅氡及其子体浓度水平的合适方法。方法选取3个房间分别采取自然通风、空气净化器、密封屏蔽的措施后,使用EQF3120型氡及其子体测量仪测量室内氡及其子体浓度,α核径迹探测器测量室内氡浓度,并比较不同方法的降氡效果。结果自然通风2~10 h后,房间内氡、结合态氡子体和未结合态氡子体浓度平均降低率分别为87.7%、89.8%和93.7%;开启空气净化器的房间内氡、结合态氡子体和未结合态氡子体浓度降低率分别为46.3%、94.5%和45.3%;密封屏蔽改造房间一个月后氡浓度降低率为74.9%,一年后降低率为59.2%。结论3种方法对降低室内氡及其子体浓度均有明显效果,自然通风是最经济有效的降氡方法。Objective To investigate the suitable methods for reducing the concentration levels of residential radon and its daughters.Methods Three rooms were selected and treated by natural ventilation,air purifier,and sealing/shielding,respectively.The EQF3120 device was used to measure the concentrations of radon and its daughters,and the alpha nuclear trail detector was used to measure indoor radon concentration.The three methods were compared in terms of radon reduction effect.Results After natural ventilation for 2-10 hours,the average reduction rates of the concentrations of radon and attached and unattached radon daughters in the room were 87.7%,89.8%,and 93.7%,respectively;in the room with air purifier,the concentrations of radon and attached and unattached radon daughters were reduced by 46.3%,94.5%,and 45.3%,respectively;after sealing and shielding,the concentration of radon was reduced by 74.9%after 1 month and 59.2%after 1 year.Conclusion All three methods have a marked effectin reducing the concentrations of indoor radon and its daughters,and natural ventilation is the most economical and effective method for reducing radon.

关 键 词：住宅 室内 氡及其子体 降氡方法 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]