清朝法史研究中的多元论及其反思  

Legal Pluralism in Qing Legal History: A Reconsideration

作　　者：胡祥雨[1] Hu Xiangyu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学清史研究所,100872

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2022年第2期73-84,159,共13页Historiography Bimonthly

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(项目编号:21XNLG04)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：法律多元论是研究法律和法律史的重要理论。近年来,清朝法史学者颇受法律多元论影响,在研究清朝的非国家法、边疆民族地区的法律及国家法内部针对特定地区或人群的法律等方面取得了众多成果。然而,诸多学者在使用这一理论时,未曾关注它的局限,对法律多元论的另一面——法律中心论,也多视而不见,故持法律多元的清朝法史论著存在着对非国家法定义不清、对话对象虚构、历史解释力不足以及容易坠入法律中心论等问题。因此,运用法律多元论时必须严格界定其定义,并重视法律中心论在清朝法史研究中的作用。Legal pluralism is an important theory in studies of law and legal history. Scholars in Qing legal history have been influenced by this theory in recent years. They have produced numerous works on non-state law,law in frontier areas and ethnic regions,and certain provisions of Qing state law that dealt with specific regions or population groups. However,in practice,they have not yet paid enough attention to this theory’s limitations. Nor do they notice legal centralism, the other side of legal pluralism. Therefore, the application of legal pluralism is not short of problems. These problems include,but not limited to,the lack of a clear definition of non-state law,the failure to identify a counter thesis in scholarly dialogue,the inadequacy in applying this theory to historical interpretation,and the fallacy of legal centralism. To conclude,while scholars adopt theory in Qing legal history,it is necessary to clearly define its meaning and pay ample attention to legal centralism and the multiplicity of its applications.

关 键 词：法律多元论 清朝 法史研究 法律中心论 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]