二维MXene负载纳米金属及其氧化物构筑新型复合材料的研究进展  

Recent Advancement of Novel Composites Based on Two-dimensional MXene-supported Nano-metals and Its Oxides

作　　者：李辉 朱刚 张建卫 康昆勇 杜官本[3] 李园园 孙呵 LI Hui;ZHU Gang;ZHANG Jianwei;KANG Kunyong;DU Guanben;LI Yuanyuan;SUN Ke(College of Material Science and Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Physics Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Resource Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650224 [2]同济大学物理科学与工程学院,上海200092 [3]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第9期13-21,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2017FB144)。

摘　　要：MXene因其独特的类石墨烯二维层状结构,优异的电学、光学以及热力学性能,且拥有极大的比表面积、优异的亲水性和丰富可调的表面官能团,作为金属及其氧化物的新型载体为纳米复合材料的微观结构增强设计提供了有利条件,以更好地发挥界面效应。然而,二维MXene存在片层易自主堆叠、纳米金属及其氧化物在MXene载体中的几何分布和复合构型难以精准调控、复合材料的界面结合较弱等难题,导致不能最大化发挥不同组分之间的协同、耦合和多功能响应机制。尤其是对于具有显著本征功能特性(包括导电导热性能和力学性能)的MXene纳米载体,其优异性能难以充分体现,显著影响其复合材料的综合性能。针对上述问题,国内外对二维MXene作为载体负载纳米金属及其氧化物构筑高性能复合材料已开展了初步的探索,相关研究成果已被大量应用于能量存储、光催化、电磁屏蔽、微波吸收、超级电容器等前沿领域。为此,本文重点综述了二维MXene负载金属及其氧化物纳米复合材料的主要制备方法、微观结构和功能特性,归纳了其在能量存储、微波吸收等方面的具体应用及增强机理,指出了目前研究存在的短板,并展望了未来的研究方向及其应用前景,以期为新型MXene基纳米复合材料微观结构调控与性能的优化设计提供坚实的理论和实验基础。MXene is a novel unique type of two-dimensional layered graphene-liked structural,which exhibits exceptional optical,electrical properties and thermodynamic properties,with large specific surface area,superior hydrophilicity and abundant controllable surface functional groups,as a novel carrier of nano-metals and its oxides,it provides favorable conditions for the microstructure enhancement design of nanocomposites to give better exert the interfacial effects.However,2D MXene suffers from the difficulties of easy autonomous stacking of lamellae,difficulty in precisely regulating the geometric distribution and composite conformation of nano metals and their oxides in MXene carriers,and weak interfacial bonding of the composites,which leads to the failure to maximize the synergy,coupling and multifunctional response mechanisms between diffe-rent components.Especially for 2D MXene nano-carrier with significant intrinsic functional properties(including thermal and electrical conductivity and mechanical properties),its excellent properties are difficult to fully reflect,which significantly affects the comprehensive properties of the composites.For the above-mentioned issues,preliminary exploration has been carried out on construction of high-performance composites based on 2D MXene-supported nano-metals and their oxides in China and abroad.The related research results have already been applied practically to energy storage,photocatalysis,electromagnetic shielding,microwave absorption,supercapacitors and other frontier fields,and some impressive strides and progress have been made.Hence,this review paper presents the main preparation methods,microstructure and functional properties of 2D MXene supported metal and its oxide nanocomposites.The application and the enhanced mechanism in energy storage,microwave absorption,etc.are summarized.Moreover,some challenges are pointed out,and the future directions of research in this field and their application prospects are forecasted.It is expected to provide a solid theoretical

关 键 词：MXene 金属及其氧化物 纳米复合材料 结构性能 增强机理 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]