生物质供氢体协助低变质煤加氢热解提质的研究进展  

Research Progress of Hydrogenated Pyrolysis of Low-rank Coal Assisted by Biomass Hydrogen-donor

作　　者：周晶晶[1] 周军[1,2] 吴雷 杨茸茸[1] 宋永辉 张秋利 ZHOU Jingjing;ZHOU Jun;WU Lei;YANG Rongrong;SONG Yonghui;ZHANG Qiuli(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Shaanxi Province Metallurgical Engineering and Technology Research Centre,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学化学与化工学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省冶金工程技术研究中心,西安710055 [3]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第9期68-75,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51774227);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2017ZDJC-33);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划企业联合基金项目(2019JLP-17);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2020TD-028);钢铁工业环境保护国家重点实验室开放基金课题(YZC2019ky01)。

摘　　要：煤炭在我国能源结构中占据着举足轻重的地位,但其主流利用方式存在较大的能源浪费和环境污染等问题。生物质作为绿色可再生能源,具有廉价、挥发分高、氢碳比高等特点,但由于缺乏合理的有效利用,导致生物质中大量的氢组分被低端消费,造成不必要的资源浪费。将低变质煤与生物质共热解,不仅改善了低变质煤的热解特性,提高了热解产品收率和质量,而且充分利用了生物质资源,缓解了环境污染,实现低变质煤资源和生物质资源高效清洁分级提质利用的“双赢”。目前,国内外在低变质煤和生物质共热解领域的研究主要集中在热解工艺优化、热解产品分布规律、共热解协同机制等方面。大量研究结果表明,热解温度、升温速率、生物质组成等因素会对共热解产物分布、产物收率及质量产生影响。此外,与传统热解相比,新型热解方式(如微波热解、红外热解等)均能显著提高热解效率,有效改善热解产物收率和质量,已引起国内外学者的高度关注。本文全面分析了农林产物、藻类、禽畜产物、城市垃圾等四类不同生物质供氢体协助低变质煤加氢热解反应的产物特性,探讨了共热解过程中碱金属的催化作用、自由基反应和挥发分的二次反应等协同作用机制,介绍了新型微波热解、红外热解技术进展及特性。最后,展望了生物质供氢体协助低变质煤加氢共热解的发展前景。Coal resource plays a crucial role in energy structure of China,but the utilization of low-rank coal meets some great challenges,such as energy waste,environmental pollution,etc.As a green renewable energy,biomass has some advantages of low-cost,high volatile and high H/C ratio.However,lots of hydrogen components in biomass are consumed via low-end utilization,resulting in the resource waste.The co-pyrolysis of low-rank coal and biomass not only changes the characteristics of coal pyrolysis,and improves the yield and quality of pyrolysis products,but makes full use of biomass resource,and alleviates the problem of environmental pollution,which results in the efficient,clean,and graded utilization of low-rank coal and biomass resource.Currently,the researches of co-pyrolysis of low-rank coal and biomass mainly focus on the pyrolysis process optimization,the distribution rule of pyrolysis products,the synergy mechanism of co-pyrolysis and so on.Many works showed that the pyrolysis temperature,heating rate,biomass composition and other factors affected the distribution,yield and quality of products.In addition,compared to traditional pyrolysis,the new type pyrolysis,such as microwave pyrolysis and infrared pyrolysis,can markedly improve the pyrolysis efficiency,the yield and quality of pyrolysis products,which has gradually attracted the attention by scholars at home and abroad.In this paper,the characteristics of pyrolysis product of four kinds of biomass(forest and agricultural products,algae,livestock products and municipal solid waste)assisted hydrogenated pyrolysis reactions of low-rank coalare roundly analyzed,and the hydrogenated co-pyrolysis mechanisms of biomass,such as catalysis of alkalis,radical reactions,and secondary reactions of volatiles,are summarized.In addition,the application of microwave pyrolysis and infrared pyrolysis in the field of co-pyrolysis are also introduced,and the development prospect of co-pyrolysis technology is forecasted.

关 键 词：低变质煤 生物质供氢体 加氢热解 热解方式 增效提质 

分 类 号：TQ561.1[化学工程—炸药化工]