宽严相济刑事政策在恐怖犯罪立法中的贯彻及完善  

Implementation and Perfection of Criminal Policy of Tempering Severity with Leniency in Terrorist Crime Legislation

作　　者：王光明[1] 武景磊 WANG Guang-ming;WU Jing-lei(Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学法学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《南华大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期82-89,共8页Journal of University of South China(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：烟台大学研究生科技创新基金重点项目“酌定量刑情节在暴力犯罪死刑裁量中的效用研究”资助(编号:YDZD2135);山东省社会科学规划研究项目“暴力恐怖犯罪死刑裁量研究——以酌定量刑情节在死刑裁量中的效用为中心”资助(编号:14CFXJ20)。

摘　　要：宽严相济作为我国的一项基本刑事政策,其不仅指导刑事司法,也指导刑事立法。宽严相济之“严”虽然在恐怖犯罪的立法中得以贯彻,但仍存在局限;宽严相济之“宽”与“济”还未受到应有的重视。从应然的角度来看,宽严相济之“严”在恐怖犯罪中应当通过核心罪名的设置、法网的进一步严密以及对顽固恐怖主义犯罪人增设更为严厉的处遇措施等来完善;宽严相济之“宽”可以通过宽严相济刑事政策中“宽”的精神和正当目的下的比例原则对反恐刑法进行立法限制,对共犯脱离者准用自首从而给予特殊的减免处罚,对特殊立功者减免处罚,对“预备行为实行化”类恐怖主义犯罪的预备行为人设置“迷途知返”条款,加强恐怖主义犯罪立法的“行刑衔接”等措施来达致;宽严相济之“济”通过以宽济严、宽严结合、打击与分化并举来实现。恐怖犯罪的立法,应尽量协调与平衡刑法的人权保障与法益保护机能之间的关系,这也是宽严相“济”的应有之义。As a basic criminal policy of our country,the combination of leniency and severity not only guides criminal justice,but also guides criminal legislation.Although the“strictness”of the combination of leniency and strictness has been implemented in the legislation of terrorist crimes,there are still limitations;the“leniency”and“economics”of the combination of leniency and strictness have not received due attention.From a natural point of view,the“strictness”of combining leniency with strictness in terrorist crimes should be improved through the establishment of core charges,the further tightening of the legal network,and the addition of more severe punishment measures for stubborn terrorist criminals;The“leniency”can be used to restrict the anti-terrorism criminal law through the spirit of“leniency”in the criminal policy and the principle of proportionality under the legitimate purpose of the criminal policy.The accomplices who have escaped can be allowed to surrender so as to give special relief and punishment,and those who have made special meritorious deeds have been reduced or exempted from punishment,set up the“return from lost way”clause for the preparatory perpetrators of“preparatory acts”category of terrorist crimes,and strengthen measures such as“connection of executions”in the legislation of terrorist crimes;Strictness,combination of leniency and strictness,and simultaneous attack and differentiation are realized.The legislation of terrorist crimes should try to coordinate and balance the relationship between the protection of human rights and the protection of legal interests in criminal law.

关 键 词：宽严相济 刑事政策 恐怖犯罪 立法 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]