通过稳定同位素分析云南大阴洞遗址先民的生业经济方式  

Analysis on the economic mode of the ancestors of Dayindong cave site in Yunnan province by stable isotope

作　　者：赵东月 吕正 张泽涛 刘波 凌雪[1] 万杨 杨帆 ZHAO Dongyue;LÜZheng;ZHANG Zetao;LIU Bo;LING Xue;WAN Yang;YANG Fan(School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation,Ministry of Education,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069;Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Kunming 650118;Cultural Relics Management Institute of Wenshan Prefecture,Wenshan,663000;Cultural Relics Management Institute of Guangnan County,Guangnan,663300)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,西北大学文化遗产学院,西安710069 [2]云南省文物考古研究所,昆明650118 [3]文山州文物管理所,文山663000 [4]广南县文物管理所,广南663300

出　　处：《人类学学报》2022年第2期295-307,共13页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1521607;2016YFE0203700);国家社会科学基金项目(18CKG027);陕西省教育厅哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(17JZ072);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2017H001)。

摘　　要：农业的起源和传播是人类历史上最重要的变革之一。本文通过对云南省文山州广南县大阴洞遗址出土的17例人骨标本的C、N稳定同位素分析,探索新石器时代晚期至青铜时代,滇东南地区先民的食物结构和生业经济。结果显示,大阴洞遗址居民的δ^(13)C值范围为-20.2‰~-17.5‰,主要以C_(3)类食物为主;δ^(15)N值范围为9.2‰~10.7‰,所处的营养级别较高;两性之间存在食谱差异,大部分男性比女性摄入更多的动物蛋白。结合相关考古发现,大阴洞遗址居民可能主要经营稻作农业,兼营狩猎;对动物资源的利用可能具有多样性,并通过采集、渔猎及家畜饲养补充食物来源。考虑到云南作为农业向中南半岛传播的重要通道,进一步对云南地区新石器-青铜时代先民的生业策略选择的梳理发现,云南地区新石器时代不同区域的人群有不同的农业经营策略。到青铜时代,随着小麦的传入,农业经济的选择更为多元化,动物资源的获取技术也更加成熟多样。不同的农业策略选择除了受到自然条件的影响,也是与相邻地区文化互动的结果。The origin and dissemination of agriculture is an important innovation in the development of human society.This paper performed carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic analysis on human bones unearthed from the Dayindong cave site in Guangnan county,Wenshan prefecture,Yunnan Province,and explores the diet structure and the subsistence economy of ancient ancestors in Southeast Yunnan from the Neolithic Age to the Bronze Age.The results showed that the δ^(13)C values of the residents at Dayindong Site ranged from-20.2‰to-17.5‰,mainly C_(3) plants,and the δ^(15)N values ranged from 9.2‰to 10.7‰,and their trophic levels were high.There are differences in diet between the sexes,men consume more animal protein than women.In terms of the subsistence strategy,the residents of Dayindong cave site mainly engaged in rice agriculture and hunting,and made diversified use of animal resources,possibly supplement food sources through collection,fishing and hunting,and livestock breeding.On this basis,considering that Yunnan is an important channel for the spread of agriculture to the Indo-China Peninsula,the selection of the Neolithic-Bronze Age production strategy in Yunnan was further sorted out.The populations in different areas of the Neolithic Age in Yunnan had different agriculture management strategies.In the Bronze Age,with the introduction of wheat,the selection of agricultural economy became more diversified,and the technology for obtaining animal resources became more mature and diverse.In addition to being affected by natural conditions,different agricultural strategy choices are also the result of cultural interaction with neighboring regions.

关 键 词：大阴洞遗址 人骨 稳定同位素 食谱 生业经济 

分 类 号：Q987[生物学—遗传学]