百白破疫苗接种不良反应原因分析及预防对策  

Analysis on Causes and Preventive Countermeasures of Adverse Reactions of Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccination

作　　者：包华叶 薛峰[1] Bao Hua-ye;Xue Feng(Prevention and Health Department,Hudong Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District,Shanghai 200129,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区沪东社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海200129

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2022年第9期160-162,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:探究百白破疫苗接种产生不良反应的原因及预防对策。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年6月上海市浦东新区沪东社区卫生服务中心百白破疫苗接种不良反应儿童69例为研究对象,其中基础针儿童44例,加强针儿童25例,分析基础针、加强针儿童不良反应发生情况,不同季节疫苗接种不良反应发生情况及不良反应发生的危险因素。结果:百白破疫苗接种儿童的不良反应主要为呕吐、厌食、烦躁不安、发热、硬结、红肿疼痛;百白破疫苗接种中,夏秋季不良反应发生率高于冬春季,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);疫苗自身因素、疫苗使用因素、个体因素是百白破疫苗接种不良反应发生的主要原因,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:百白破疫苗接种不良反应发生的类型较多,应加强其原因的分析,并实施相关的预防对策,以此更好保证儿童疫苗接种的有效性和安全性。Objective: To explore the causes and preventive measures of adverse reactions of pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus(DPT)vaccination. Methods: From January 2019 to June 2021, 69 children with adverse reactions due to DPT vaccination in Hudong Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District of Shanghai were selected as the study objects, including 44 children with basic injections and 25 children with booster injections. The occurrence of adverse reactions in children receiving basic injections and booster injections, the occurrence of vaccination adverse reactions in different seasons, and the risk factors of adverse reactions were analyzed. Results: Adverse reactions of children with DPT vaccination were mainly vomiting, anorexia,restlessness, fever, induration, redness and pain;DPT vaccination had a higher incidence of adverse reactions in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Vaccine factors, vaccine use factors,and individual factors were the main reasons for the adverse reactions of DPT vaccination, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: There are many types of adverse reactions of DPT vaccination. The analysis of the causes should be strengthened and relevant preventive measures should be implemented to better ensure the effectiveness and safety of vaccination in children.

关 键 词：百白破 疫苗接种 不良反应 预防对策 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]