透明帽辅助下全麻插管与静脉麻醉治疗小儿上消化道异物对比研究  

Comparative Study on Transparent Cap-Assisted General Anesthesia Intubation and Intravenous Anesthesia in Treatment of Foreign Bodies in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Children

作　　者：蒲文凤 任仕宏 张彦 张涛 Pu Wen-feng;Ren Shi-hong;Zhang Yan;Zhang Tao(Department of Gastroenterology,Nanchong Central Hospital of Sichuan Province,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省南充市中心医院消化内科,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2022年第10期40-42,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:探讨经透明帽辅助下全麻插管与静脉麻醉取出小儿食管、胃异物的效果。方法:2016年7月-2020年7月四川省南充市中心医院收治小儿上消化道异物患者35例,根据患儿家长意愿选择行全麻插管或静脉麻醉,其中经静脉麻醉15例,自愿选择住院行全麻插管20例。统计两种方法的住院时间、治疗费用、麻醉苏醒时间及有无划伤情况。结果:经静脉麻醉15例患儿中成功取出10例,因麻醉评估静脉麻醉风险较大者5例,故住院选择行全麻插管取出;行全麻插管20例患儿均安全取出消化道异物,术后麻醉苏醒,第2天出院,因呼吸道感染延长住院时间1例。静脉麻醉患者的住院时间、治疗费用、麻醉苏醒时间均明显低于全麻插管,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。35例患儿采用透明帽辅助,无黏膜划伤。结论:全麻插管与静脉麻醉相比较,全麻插管更安全,但费用较高,需要住院观察,而采用透明帽辅助无黏膜划伤,说明透明帽辅助全麻插管取出小儿上消化道异物是一种安全且首选的治疗方法。Objective: To explore the effect of general anesthesia intubation with the aid of transparent cap and intravenous anesthesia to remove esophagus and gastric foreign bodies in children. Methods: From July 2016 to July 2020, 35 children with foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract who were treated in Nanchong Central Hospital of Sichuan Province received general anesthesia intubation or intravenous anesthesia according to the willing of the child’s parents, including 15 cases for intravenous anesthesia and 20 cases voluntarily hospitalized for general anesthesia intubation. The hospitalization time, treatment cost, recovery time from anesthesia, and scratches of the two methods were calculated. Results: Among 15 cases under intravenous anesthesia, foreign bodies were successfully removed in 10 cases. Due to the high risk of intravenous anesthesia by evaluation, 5cases were hospitalized for general anesthesia intubation. Among 20 cases voluntarily hospitalized for general anesthesia intubation, the foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract were safely removed. They became awake from anesthesia after operation,and were discharged on Day 2. One case prolonged hospital stay due to respiratory tract infection. The treatment cost,hospitalization time, and recovery time from anesthesia of the intravenous anesthesia patients were significantly lower than those of the general anesthesia intubation patients, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). With the aid of a transparent cap, no case had mucosal scratch. Conclusion: Compared with intravenous anesthesia, general anesthesia intubation is safer, but it is more expensive and requires hospitalization. A transparent cap is used to assist the intubation, and induces no mucosal scratch,which indicates that general anesthesia intubation with the aid of transparent cap is a safe and preferred treatment method for children with foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

关 键 词：小儿上消化道异物 透明帽 静脉麻醉 全麻插管 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]