营商环境优化如何影响进口贸易方式:软环境优化抑或硬环境改善  

How does the optimization of the business environment affect modes of import:soft environment optimization or hard environment improvement

作　　者：刘军[1] 刘凌波 LIU Jun;LIU Lingbo(Faculty of International Trade,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学国际贸易学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2022年第2期99-113,共15页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CJY047)。

摘　　要：营商环境优化在进口贸易的创新发展和贸易方式优化中发挥着重要作用。考察了营商环境优化影响进口贸易及其方式的机制、效应和异质性表现。结果显示:营商环境优化能够促进总体进口贸易以及一般贸易方式下的进口和加工贸易方式下的进口,且对一般贸易进口的促进作用更大;营商环境优化通过降低进口成本促进进口贸易发展。进一步研究发现:营商环境优化会促进贸易自由度较高城市的进口贸易,在贸易自由度较低城市则不显著,硬环境改善和软环境优化会促进进口贸易增长,且硬环境对加工贸易进口的促进作用更大,软环境对一般贸易进口的促进作用更大;硬环境改善主要通过降低运输成本促进进口贸易发展,且对加工贸易进口的促进作用更大,软环境优化则无法通过降低融资成本显著促进进口贸易。研究能够在营商环境优化维度对进口贸易高质量发展提供一定的政策启示。The optimization of the business environment plays an important role in the innovative development of imports and the optimization of trade modes.This paper examines mechanisms,effects,and heterogeneity in respect of the impact of business-environment optimization on imports and different trade modes.The results show that,overall,optimizing the business environment is conducive to promoting import and imports under general and processing trade;it has a greater effect on promoting general imports.The optimization of the business environment promotes the development of import by reducing import costs.Furthermore,optimizing the business environment promotes imports in cities with higher degrees of trade freedom,but it is not significant in cities with lower degrees of trade freedom.The optimization of the hard and soft environment will promote the growth of imports,and the hard environment has more effect on processing imports,the soft environment has a greater role in promoting general imports.The improvement of the hard environment mainly promotes the development of imports by reducing transportation costs and has a greater role in promoting processing imports,while the optimization of the soft environment cannot significantly promote imports by reducing financing costs.This paper provides policy recommendations in respect of optimizing the business environment to promote the future development of high-quality imports.

关 键 词：营商环境 进口贸易方式 一般贸易 加工贸易 软环境 硬环境 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]