水气互作对滴灌加工番茄生长及品质的影响  

Effects of water and air interaction on growth and quality of drip-irrigated processing tomato

作　　者：张健利 王振华[1,2] 宗睿 王天宇 温越 陈睿 武小荻 ZHANG Jian-li;WANG Zhen-hua;ZONG Rui;WANG Tian-yu;WEN Yue;CHEN Rui;WU Xiao-di(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Group,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第2期453-461,共9页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201506);兵团科技创新团队项目(2019CB004);兵团节水灌溉试验计划项目(BTJSSY-201907)。

摘　　要：为探明不同加气方式和灌水量互作对北疆滴灌加工番茄生长及产量品质的影响,以及适宜北疆加工番茄滴灌的最佳水气组合模式,设置3种加气方式[物理加气(O1)、不加气(O2)、化学加气(O3)]、4个灌水量水平[5400 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W1)、4950 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W2)、4500 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W3)、4050 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W4)],共12个处理。物理加气和化学加气使加工番茄产量分别增加8.14%、7.91%,灌溉水分利用效率(IWUE)分别增加4.74%、4.61%。物理加气下,4950 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌水量处理产量最大,4500 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌水量处理IWUE最大。物理加气对加工番茄可溶性固形物、番茄红素和V_(C)含量提升效果最明显,物理加气下,4500 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌溉水平的加工番茄各项品质指标优于4950 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌溉水平。为兼顾加工番茄灌溉水分利用效率、产量、果实品质三重需求,物理加气下4500 m^(3)/hm^(2)灌水量可作为北疆加工番茄滴灌适宜的水气组合模式。To explore the effects of different aeration methods and irrigation amounts interaction on the growth and yield of drip-irrigated processing tomato in northern Xinjiang,and the optimal water-air combination mode,three aeration methods(physical aeration,no aeration,chemical aeration)and four irrigation levels(5400 m^(3)/hm^(2),4950 m^(3)/hm^(2),4500 m^(3)/hm^(2),4050 m^(3)/hm^(2))were set,and there were 12 treatments in this experiment.Under physical and chemical aeration treatments,tomato yield increased by 8.14%and 7.91%,and irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE)increased by 4.74%and 4.61%,respectively.Under the condition of physical aeration,the yield was highest in the treatment of 4950 m^(3)/hm^(2) irrigation water,and the IWUE was largest in the treatment of 4500 m^(3)/hm^(2) irrigation water.Physical aeration had the most obvious effect on increasing the contents of soluble solids,lycopene and V_(C) in processed tomatoes.Under the condition of physical aeration,the quality indices of drip-irrigated processing tomato at 4500 m^(3)/hm^(2) irrigation level were better than those at 4950 m^(3)/hm^(2) irrigation level.In order to meet the needs of irrigation water use efficiency,yield and fruit quality of processing tomato,the irrigation amount of 4500 m^(3)/hm^(2) under physical aeration can be used as the suitable water-air combination mode for drip-irrigated processing tomato in northern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：加气方式 灌溉水平 加工番茄 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]