‘华仲6号’杜仲嫩枝扦插生根的解剖及生理变化  

Changes of Anatomical Structure and Physiology during Softwood Cutting Rooting of Eucommia ulmoides‘Huazhong No.6’

作　　者：吕庚鑫 孟益德 庆军 何凤 刘攀峰[1,3] 杜庆鑫 杜红岩[1,3] 杜兰英 王璐[1,3] Lü Gengxin;Meng Yide;Qing Jun;He Feng;Liu Panfeng;Du Qingxin;Du Hongyan;Du Lanying;Wang Lu(Non-Timber Forest Research & Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry ,Zhengzhou 450003;Nanjing Forestry University ,Nanjing 210037;Key Laboratory of Non-Timber Forest Germplasm Enhancement & Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Paulownia R & D Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration ,Zhengzhou 450003)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,郑州450003 [2]南京林业大学,南京210037 [3]国家林业和草原局泡桐研究开发中心,经济林种质创新与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《林业科学》2022年第2期113-124,共12页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“橡胶用和药用杜仲定向培育与高效利用关键技术研究”(2017YFD0600702)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究杜仲良种嫩枝扦插不定根发育的解剖结构特征,探讨内源激素、氧化酶、营养物质的动态变化规律及作用,为进一步研究杜仲扦插不定根发育机制及调控技术提供参考。【方法】以‘华仲6号’杜仲当年生半木质化嫩枝为研究对象,通过石蜡切片技术对插穗生根部位进行解剖观察;利用高效液相色谱-质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定生根部位IAA、GA3、ABA及ZR的含量;利用比色法测定IAAO、POD、PPO的活性;采用蒽酮法、考马斯亮蓝法和凯氏定氮法主要测定营养物质中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和全氮含量。【结果】1)杜仲不定根是由形成层外的薄壁细胞诱导分化形成,属于皮部诱导生根型。其生根过程可划分为诱导期(扦插0~12天)、启动期(扦插12~22天)、表达期(扦插22~32天)和伸长期(扦插32~53天)。在表达期可观察到插穗基部有幼小白色不定根突破皮层。2)经杜仲专用生根剂处理的插穗每根平均生根数量可达25.6根,比对照多约20根;平均根长为8.41 cm,约为对照组2倍;生根率为85.3%,提高60%。3)在杜仲扦插生根过程中IAA起到关键作用。POD和PPO活性先升后降,IAAO活性先降后升,营养物质在生根前积累,生根后含量降低。【结论】杜仲不定根发生属于皮部诱导生根类型。在不定根形成关键时期,IAA含量升高是诱导根原基的关键,同时,IAAO活性降低,POD、PPO活性升高,营养物质快速积累,均与生根关系密切。【Objective】To study the characteristics of rooting anatomical structure,and to investigate and analyze the dynamic changes and effects of endogenous hormones,oxidases and nutrients in the process of adventitious root development during softwood cuttings of Eucommia ulmoides,so as to provide reference for further research on the development mechanism and regulation techniques of E.ulmoides.【Method】The E.ulmoides‘Huazhong No.6’semi-lignified twigs were used as the experimental material,the development process of adventitious roots was investigated by observing the anatomical structure of its paraffin sections that were made of the basis of cuttings collected regularly;the content of IAA,GA3,ABA and ZR of E.ulmoides was determined by using HPLC-MS/MS;the activity of IAAO,POD,PPO was determined by colorimetric method;soluble sugar,soluble protein and total nitrogen were determined by the anthrone-sulfate method,Coomassie brilliant blue method and Kjeldahl method.【Result】1)The adventitious roots primordium of E.ulmoides was differentiated from the vascular cambium parenchyma cell of bark,which belongs to the induce-to-root type of the bark.The ontogeny process of adventitious roots can be divided into four stages:induction period(0-12 d after cutting),initiation period(12-22 d after cutting),expression period(22-32 d after cutting)and elongation period(32-53 d after cutting).It can be observed that there are young white adventitious roots breaking through the cortex at the base of the cuttings during the expression period.2)The average number of adventitious roots in the treatment group with special rooting agent of E.ulmoides can reach 25.6,which was 20 more than of the control group treated with water.The average root length was 8.41 cm,which was about 2 times of the control group;The rooting rate was 85.3%,an increase of 60%.3)IAA had significant function in the rooting process of E.ulmoides.The activity of POD and PPO increased first,then decreased,the activity of IAAO decreased first and increased

关 键 词：杜仲 嫩枝扦插 解剖结构 内源激素 氧化酶 营养物质 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.4[农业科学—林学]