个人主义文化价值观对疫情控制效果的影响及其计算心理机制  

The impact of individualism on the efficiency of epidemic control and the underlying computational and psychological mechanisms

作　　者：黄丽芹 孙寅 罗思阳 HUANG Liqin;SUN Yin;LUO Siyang(Department of Psychology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学心理学系,广州510006

出　　处：《心理学报》2022年第5期497-515,I0003-I0020,共37页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071081,31800916);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515010975)资助。

摘　　要：COVID-19疫情是一场重大的全球健康危机,一些国家在控制COVID-19感染和死亡率上存在明显困难。我们提出,个人主义的文化价值观不利于对疫情的控制。跨文化分析结果显示,个人主义文化价值观正向预测COVID-19死亡数、每百万死亡数和死亡率,独立自我建构负向预测疫情前期控制速度。演化博弈模型和跨文化实验进一步提示,个人主义文化通过增强个体在疫情背景下的死亡恐惧,增加个体违反疫情管控的流动性倾向,从而降低了整体疫情控制的效率。我们的结果支持自然-行为-文化协同进化的理论模型,提示文化对COVID-19病毒传播管控和死亡可能性的影响,为各国应对全球公共卫生危机提供了重要科学参考。Ecology can shape the formation of a particular culture through individual natural adaptive behavior.In different cultures,culturally contextualized behavior can also modify the environment.In the present ecological environment,the spread of COVID-19 represents a global public health crisis.However,some nations appear to be more effective at limiting the spread of the virus and decreasing mortality rates.The purpose of this study was to explore cross-cultural differences in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic,thereby substantiating the influence of culture on the ecological natural environment.We hypothesized that an independent society-oriented culture was not conducive to a successful pandemic response.Study 1 explored the correlation between individualism and the total number of deaths,deaths per million,and morality rates in 73 countries.In Study 2,we further modeled the cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 over time in 31 provinces in China,using a logistical model to obtain indicators of efficiency of epidemic control,and we explored the relationship between independent self-construal and the speed of pandemic control.In Study 3,we simulated the pandemic process through agent-based modeling(ABM),which verified the influence of individualism and determined how government norms regulated the controlling speed of the pandemic.Based on ABM in Study 3,in Study 4,we used a hierarchical linear model to further explore how culture influenced escape behavior,which violated government regulations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic with,and then we tested the mediating role of fear of death.In Study 1,individualism scores were positively correlated with cumulative COVID-19 deaths,cumulative deaths per million,and mortality.In Study 2,independent self-construal was negatively correlated with the controlling speed in the early stage of the pandemic in China.However,there was no significant relationship between interdependent self-construal and COVID-19 pandemic control speed.Study 3 simulated the process of the

关 键 词：文化 个人主义 违规流动 政府规范 疫情控制 Agent Based Modeling 死亡恐惧 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]