正规信贷供给方式与农村地区共同富裕  

Formal Credit Supply and Common Prosperity in Rural Areas

作　　者：王轶[1] 刘蕾 武青远 Wang Yi;Liu Lei;Wu Qingyuan(School of Economics,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学经济学院,北京100048

出　　处：《金融经济学研究》2022年第1期118-134,共17页Financial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(18AJL016)。

摘　　要：基于2019年全国返乡创业调查数据,利用再中心化影响函数回归方法(RIF),研究正规信贷供给方式对农村地区共同富裕的影响及传导机制,结果显示,扶持信贷和商业信贷均能促进农民增收和缩小农民内部收入差距,且扶持信贷起撬动作用,商业信贷是融资的主渠道。异质性分析发现,扶持信贷仅对西部地区农民增收和收入差距的缩小作用显著,而在各个产业呈现的异质性不显著;商业信贷对中西部地区以及第一、第二、第三产业的创业农民增收和收入差距的缩小作用显著。机制分析表明,扶持信贷仅对“价值型”创业有显著正向影响,商业信贷对“发展型”和“价值型”均有显著正向影响;正规信贷供给有助于扩大企业的雇员规模,且对相对贫困户就业规模的扩大作用更强;同时,也加速了企业的创新能力,进而促进农民增收。因此,地方政府和金融机构应加大正规信贷的供给力度,强化其协调农民增收和不平等改善的能力,助力农村地区共同富裕的实现。Using 2019 national survey data on return-home entrepreneurship,this paper examines the impact and transmission mechanism of formal credit supply on common prosperity in rural areas.The results show that both supporting credit and commercial credit can improve farmers’income and reduce the income gap between farmers,with supporting credit playing a leveraging role and commercial credit the major financing channel.The heterogeneity analysis shows that supporting credit’s role in raising farmers’income and narrowing income gaps is significant only in the western region,with no significant heterogeneity across different industries.Commercial credit significantly increases farmers’income and reduces inequality in the central and western regions,as well as among the primary,secondary,and tertiary industries.The mechanism analysis shows that supporting credit only has a significant positive effect on“value-type”entrepreneurship,while commercial credit has a significant positive effect on both“development-type”and“value-type”entrepreneurship.Formal credit supply is helpful in increasing the number of hires,especially from relatively poor households;it also speeds up the innovation capacity of enterprises,which in turn promotes farmers’income growth.Therefore,local governments and financial institutions should strengthen the supply of formal credit and its capacity in coordinating farmers’income with inequality mitigation to contribute to the achievement of common prosperity in rural areas.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 正规信贷 扶持信贷 商业信贷 共同富裕 农民收入 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]