弯制作业对高速铁路道岔轨件性能的影响  

Influence of Bending Operation on the Performance of High-speed Railway Turnout Rail Parts

作　　者：赵智聪 ZHAO Zhicong(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2022年第2期37-42,共6页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发项目(2021YJ222)。

摘　　要：以12号无砟高速铁路道岔翼轨为研究对象,探讨了不同弯制工艺条件下翼轨力学性能和金属组织的变化。结果表明:与轨件弯制试验出现失稳破坏时的挠度相比,当前翼轨的最大设计挠度尚有一定冗余;轨件弯制后压缩应变部位出现包申格效应,反向加载后包申格效应减弱,材料性能随弯制加工量增大而显著变化;轨件弯制后出现冷作强化,硬度上升。压缩应变部位冷作强化程度小,但出现硬度局部不均匀现象;弯制后钢轨表面脱碳层压缩应变部位铁素体网条索变细,拉伸应变部位铁素体网条索变粗且有破裂迹象;反向加载后铁素体网出现连续断裂现象。Taking the No.12 ballastless high-speed turnout wing rail as the research object,the changes of mechanical properties and metal structure of the wing rail under different bending process conditions were discussed.The results show that compared with the deflection when the rail bending experiment appears instability,the maximum design deflection of the wing rail still has a certain redundancy.The Bauschinger effect appears in the compressive strain part of the rail after bending,and weakened after the specimen loaded reversely.The material properties change significantly with the increase of the bending processing.After bending,the rail appears cold work hardening and the hardness increases.At the compressive strain part,the degree of cold work hardening is relatively lower while the hardness is locally uneven.After bending,the ferrite mesh cable at the compressive strain part of the decarburized layer on the rail surface becomes thinner,and the ferrite mesh cable at the tensile strain part becomes thicker,and there are signs of cracking.After reverse loading,the ferrite mesh appears continuous fracture.

关 键 词：高速铁路道岔 弯制作业 力学性能 显微组织 包申格效应 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]