行政允诺裁判思路的体系整合  

The System Integration of Administrative Promise Judgment

作　　者：张怡静 Zhang Yijing(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310008)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,杭州310008

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2022年第5期58-65,93,156,157,共11页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：学界和实务界的通常观点认为,行政允诺的司法审查是在将行政允诺认定为单方行政行为,并且在允诺本身和兑现允诺相分离的基础上进行的履责之诉。2017年最高人民法院发布在公报案例上的崔龙书诉丰县人民政府行政允诺一案,法院打破了行政允诺基于行政行为合法性的二分法审查框架,将行政允诺直接认定为行政协议,进而适用行政协议的相关规则展开审查,法院由此形成了基于行政法律关系的一分法审查模式。行政允诺与行政协议具有共通性,以行政协议的相关规定审查行政允诺有其适用逻辑。法院以行政允诺法律关系—履行义务之诉的框架审查行政允诺更具妥当性,能够更好地维护相对人的合法权益,衡平行政允诺双方的法律地位,实现行政允诺的公共服务或者行政管理目标。在该审查框架之下,行政机关首次判断权理论不会成为法院认定行政允诺法律关系成立的阻碍;在履行允诺义务判决中,法院判决的具体内容依据是否存在裁量空间以及裁量空间的大小而作出。The common point of view in academic and practical circles is that the judicial review of administrative promise is an action of performance of responsibility based on the recognition of administrative promise as unilateral administrative act and the separation of promise itself and fulfillment of promise. Cui Longshu v. Feng County People’s government’s administrative promise case published in the communique by the Supreme People’s court in 2017, the court broke the dichotomy review framework of administrative promise based on the legitimacy of administrative act, identified the administrative promise as an administrative agreement directly, and then applied the relevant rules of administrative agreement to review. Thus,the court formed a model of one part law review based on administrative legal relationship. Administrative promise has something in common with administrative agreement, so it has its applicable logic to examine its contractual nature according to the relevant provisions of administrative agreement. It is more appropriate for the court to examine the administrative promise by the way of the legal relationship of administrative promise——the action of performing obligations, which can better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the opposite party, balance the legal status of both parties of administrative promise, and achieve the public service or administrative management objectives of administrative promise. Under this review path, the theory of the first judgment right of the administrative organ does not become an obstacle for the court to determine the establishment of the legal relationship of the administrative promise;in the judgment of performance of promise obligation, the specific content of the court judgment depends on whether there is discretion space and the size of the discretion space.

关 键 词：行政允诺 法定职责 行政法律关系 行政协议 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]