花生萌发期对低温胁迫的生理生化响应机制  

Physiological and biochemical response mechanism of peanut germination to low temperature stress

作　　者：吕登宇 郝西[3] 苗利娟[2] 于海秋[1] 王玉龙 张俊[3] 董文召[2] 黄冰艳[2] 张新友[2] LYU Deng-yu;HAO Xi;MIAO Li-juan;YU Hai-qiu;WANG Yu-long;ZHANG Jun;DONG Wen-zhao;HUANG Bin-yan;ZHANG Xin-you(College of Agriculture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Henan Academy of Crop Molecular Breeding/State Industrial Innovation Center of Biological Breeding/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Industrial Crops Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]河南省农业科学院河南省作物分子育种研究院/国家生物育种产业创新中心/农业农村部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室/河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2022年第2期385-391,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);河南省花生产业技术体系(花生育种)(2016-05)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同花生品种低温胁迫下的萌发差异成因,为花生耐低温种植及抗冷性研究提供理论依据,本研究以耐低温品种豫花22号和中间耐性品种漯花16号以及低温敏感型品种泉花6号、鲁花11号为材料,测定不同温度处理条件下萌发相关的生理指标。结果显示,与CK相比,低温处理显著降低了各花生品种的露白率、发芽率、相对发芽率,不同抗性品种存在较大差异,耐低温花生品种下降幅度小于10%,而中间型和敏感型品种降幅为30%~100%。低温胁迫24 h后,敏感型品种电导率值显著高于耐低温型及中间型品种。随着胁迫时间的延长,各品种SOD、POD活性上升,CAT活性下降。2℃胁迫48 h,各品种可溶性糖(Ss)含量均高于CK,可溶性蛋白(SP)含量均低于CK。敏感型品种MDA含量大幅增加,耐低温型品种增加幅度较小;耐低温品种SOD活性高于中间型及敏感型品种,CAT活性较中间型及敏感型品种下降幅度更大。恢复期中,各品种MDA含量均低于CK,SP积累量均高于CK,耐低温型品种和中间型品种Ss积累量高于敏感型品种。抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性表现出相同的趋势,随着萌发时间的延长,抗冷性越强的花生品种其酶活性越高。各指标差异均较好地反映了不同花生品种的低温耐性差异。本试验结果可为进一步完善防御花生低温冷害的农艺措施和进行耐低温花生育种提供理论依据。To explore the germination differences of different peanut varieties under low temperature stress,and provide a theoretical basis for low temperature tolerance and cold resistance of peanut,low temperature tolerant varieties Yuhua 22 and intermediate varieties Luohua 16,low-temperature sensitive varieties Quanhua 6 and Luhua 11 were used as experimental materials to determine the physiological indexes related to germination under cold treatment.The results showed that,compared with CK,low temperature treatment 2℃significantly reduced the radicle emergence rate,germination rate and relative germination rate of each peanut variety,and there were significant differences among the varieties.The decline reats of low temperature-tolerant peanut varieties were less than 10%,while that of intermediate and sensitive varieties was 30%to 100%.Under 2℃stress for 24 h,the electrical conductivity of sensitive varieties was significantly higher than that of low temperature resistant and intermediate varieties.With the extension of stress time,SOD,POD activity increased,CAT activity decreased.Under 2℃stress for 48 h,the content of Ss(soluble sugar)was higher than CK,the content of SP(soluble protein)was lower than CK.MDA content of sensitive varieties increased significantly,while that of low-temperature tolerant varieties increased slightly.The SOD activity of low-temperature-tolerant varieties was higher than that of intermediate and sensitive varieties,and the CAT activity decreased more significantly than that of intermediate and sensitive varieties.During recovery period,MDA content of all varieties was lower than CK,SP accumulation was higher than CK,Ss accumulation of low temperature resistant varieties and intermediate varieties was higher than sensitive varieties.The activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD and CAT showed the same trend.With the extension of germination time,the enzyme activity of peanut varieties with stronger cold resistance was higher.The differences in each index well re‐flected the differe

关 键 词：花生 萌发期 低温胁迫 耐低温 生理生化参数 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]