产业集聚空间格局演变及其对经济高质量发展的影响——基于中国278个城市数据的实证分析  

The evolution of spatial pattern of industrial agglomeration and its impact on the high-quality economic development:Empirical analysis based on the data of 278 cities in China

作　　者：李涛 薛领[2] 李国平[2] LI Tao;XUE Ling;LI Guoping(School of Business,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学商学院,石家庄050061 [2]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《地理研究》2022年第4期1092-1106,共15页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA040);国家自然科学基金项目(71873007)。

摘　　要：产业集聚有利于发挥集聚经济外部性,是加快城市经济高质量发展的重要途径。本文基于2005—2018年中国278个城市面板数据,采用SBM-DEA模型对各城市经济高质量发展水平进行测度,并通过运用GIS空间分析和空间杜宾模型,深入分析产业集聚空间格局演变及其与城市经济高质量发展之间的关系。研究发现:(1)在考虑不同空间权重矩阵情况下,产业集聚对经济高质量发展提升具有显著正向直接效应和空间溢出效应,且高铁开通引致的时空压缩使得两种效应的促进作用更大。(2)制造业和生产性服务业集聚对经济高质量发展的作用路径不同,前者对经济高质量发展的影响更多地体现在直接效应;而后者更多地表现为空间溢出效应。生产性服务业经营范围更大,不仅有利于本地区制造业转型升级,也可通过产业关联和空间溢出带动临近城市经济质量提升。(3)东部城市更多依赖于生产性服务业集聚;而中西部城市更依赖制造业,且受产业发展层次影响,其空间溢出效应较低。(4)大城市生产性服务业集聚带来的空间溢出效应明显高于直接效应;中等城市生产性服务业集聚在调节制造业集聚的促进作用时起到的作用有限;小城市产业集聚对经济高质量发展的影响整体较弱,而对政府财政科技支出依赖性更大。Industrial agglomeration is conducive to the formation of specialized production processes and labor market,sharing infrastructure,which can promote the high-quality development of urban economy by giving full play to the externality of agglomeration economy and improving the degree of market competition.Based on the panel data of 278cities in China from 2005 to 2018,this study adopts SBM-DEA model to measure the highquality economic development and analyses the spatial distribution of industrial agglomeration by GIS.It then establishes a spatial Durbin model to deeply analyze the relationship between industrial agglomeration and the quality of urban economic development.The main findings are as follows:(1) Industrial agglomeration has significant positive direct effect and spatial spillover effect on the improvement of economic development quality,and the opening of highspeed railway amplifies the promotion effects.(2) Manufacturing industry and producer services agglomeration have different effects on the quality of economic development.The former has more direct effects on the quality of economic development and the latter has more spatial spillover effect.The scope of producer services may be larger,which is not only conducive to the transformation and upgrading of the local manufacturing industry,but also may promote the economic quality of nearby cities through industrial linkage and spatial spillover.(3) The cities in eastern China are more dependent on the agglomeration of producer services,while the cities in the central and western regions depends more on manufacturing industry,and the level of industrial development,so their spatial spillover effect is low.(4) The spatial spillover effect of producer services agglomeration in big cities is significantly higher than the direct effect.Producer services agglomeration in medium-sized cities plays a limited role in regulating the promotion of manufacturing agglomeration.The impact of industrial agglomeration in small cities on the quality of economic develo

关 键 词：产业集聚 经济高质量发展 空间杜宾模型 异质性 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]