干式切削环境污染采集方法与影响分析研究  

Study on collection method and influence analysis of environmental pollution in dry cutting

作　　者：王杨敏 刘前军 潘一 徐国达 孙宇昕 何彦[3] 王禹林[1] WANG Yangmin;LIU Qianjun;PAN Yi;XU Guoda;SUN Yuxin;HE Yan;WANG Yulin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,CHN;Machinery Industry Science and Technology Development Center,Beijing 100711,CHN;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,CHN)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]机械工业科技发展中心,北京100711 [3]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2022年第5期29-35,共7页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB2002105);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52005332)。

摘　　要：干式切削工艺作为绿色加工的主流工艺,已得到广泛应用,为实现对干式切削加工环境污染的控制,研制了一种可集成采集粉尘、油雾和噪声等数据的机加环境污染采集工具,提出了一种环境污染在线采集方法,进行了单因素试验与正交试验,研究了切削速度、每齿进给量、冷却条件和材料类型对环境污染的影响规律与程度。结果表明:机床防护门前为最佳采样方位,0.5 m为最佳采样距离;相比传统切削,典型干式切削工艺油雾污染较低,而粉尘污染较高;切削速度与材料类型对环境污染排放影响较大,每齿进给量影响较小,冷却方式对粉尘浓度有一定的影响。研究结果可为干式切削环境数据的获取提供可借鉴的采集设备与采集方法,可为工艺优化与绿色评价提供数据支撑。As the mainstream technology of green machining,dry cutting technology has been widely used.In order to control the environmental pollution of dry cutting,a machine added environmental pollution acquisition tool which could integrate the data of dust,oil mist and noise was developed.An on-line acquisition method of environmental pollution was proposed.The single factor test and orthogonal test were carried out,and the effects of cutting speed,feed rate per tooth,cooling conditions and material types on environmental pollution were studied.The results show that the best sampling orientation and distance are in front of the protective door of the machine tool and 0.5m;Compared with traditional cutting,dry cutting process has higher dust pollution and lower oil mist pollution;The cutting speed and material type have a great impact on the environmental pollution emission,the feed rate per tooth has a small impact,and the cooling mode has a certain impact on the dust concentration.The research results can provide reference acquisition equipment and methods for the acquisition of dry cutting environment data,and provide data support for process optimization and green evaluation.

关 键 词：干式切削工艺 数据采集工具 数据采集方法 工艺优化 绿色制造 

分 类 号：TH188[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]