传统农区农村青年县域城市化的经济社会基础与发展走向审视  

Economic and Social Foundation and Trend of the County Urbanization in Rural Youth in the Traditional Rural Areas

作　　者：王向阳 关登辉 WANG Xiang-yang;GUAN Deng-hui(School of Public Administration,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Marxism,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学公共管理学院,四川成都610031 [2]云南大学马克思主义学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《治理现代化研究》2022年第3期73-81,共9页Governance Modernization Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下资本下乡与村庄共赢机制研究”(20CSH050)。

摘　　要：当前,县域城市化已成为广大传统农区农村青年城市化的鲜明特征和主要趋势。引入“县域经济社会基础”的分析视角,基于对传统农区典型农村的田野调查,研究发现:当前大部分传统农区县域经济相对薄弱,难以为本地劳动力提供充分且稳定的工作岗位,无法有效支撑农村青年县域城市化过程中接近刚性的城市生活成本。从短期来看,广大传统农区农村青年县域城市化大多是基于青年婚恋、子女教育等普遍需求,缺乏产业支撑、就业导向,建立在代际支持基础上的父代“托举型”县域城市化;从中长期来看,广大传统农区农村青年的县域城市化走向将因县域经济基础变化和家庭劳动力价值高低而面临变数与分化。要实现农村青年县域城市化长期稳定可持续,要在大力推动县域经济产业升级的基础上,建立健全涵盖农民工等群体的社会保障体系。同时,要将农村社会救助纳入乡村振兴战略统筹谋划,着力为在村生活农民以及将来可能返乡退养的农民工群体提供相对完善的公共服务供给。At present,county urbanization has become a distinctive feature and main trend of rural youth urbanization in traditional rural areas. Introducing the analysis perspective of“county economic and social foundation”,based on field surveys on typical rural areas in traditional agricultural areas,the study founds that most of the traditional rural areas are weak in county economy,and it is difficult to provide sufficient and stable jobs for local laborers,and cannot effectively support them the cost of living in cities. At present,the urbanization of rural youth in the vast traditional rural areas is mostly for the general needs of youth marriage,children’s education,etc.,lacking industrial support and employment orientation,but is generally built on the basis of intergenerational support. From a medium and long-term perspective,the current trend of urbanization in the vast traditional rural areas and counties is still full of variables. To achieve long-term stability and sustainability of urbanization in rural youth counties,we must establish and improve a social security system covering migrant workers and other groups on the basis of vigorously promoting the upgrading of county economy and industry. At the same time,rural social assistance should be included in the overall planning of the rural revitalization strategy,and efforts should be made to provide relatively complete public service supplies for farmers living in the villages and migrant workers who may return to their hometowns for retirement in the future.

关 键 词：传统农区 农村青年 县域城市化 代际支持 进城成本 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理]