0~6周龄贵州黄鸡能量需要的研究  

Study of Energy Requirement of Guizhou Yellow Chicken during 0 to 6 Weeks of Age

作　　者：杨德凤 施晓丽[1,2,3] 李维 饶永超 陈大海 陆龙超 王小亚 林家栋[1,2,3] 张福平[1,2,3] YANG Defeng;SHI Xiaoli;LI Wei;RAO Yongchao;CHEN Dahai;LU Longchao;WANG Xiaoya;LIN Jiadong;ZHANG Fuping(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Province Animal and Poultry Genetic Resources Management Station,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [4]贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站,贵阳550001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第4期2374-2382,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2288号)。

摘　　要：本试验研究了0~6周龄贵州黄鸡的能量需要,旨在为贵州黄鸡的科学养殖和制定其饲养标准提供理论依据和数据参考。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选取健康1日龄贵州黄鸡雏鸡400只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只鸡。4组试验鸡饲粮能量水平分别为10.03、11.71、12.54和13.16 MJ/kg,试验期为6周。通过饲养试验,测定每周的体重和采食量,计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比;通过代谢试验,测定表观代谢能及养分表观代谢率;通过比较屠宰试验,测定鸡体能量、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量,计算鸡体能量、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪沉积率,确定饲粮适宜能量水平。结果显示:饲粮能量水平对0~6周龄贵州黄鸡的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均有显著影响(P<0.05),对平均日增重进行二元回归分析得到最适饲粮能量水平为11.17 MJ/kg。饲粮能量水平对0~6周龄贵州黄鸡的各养分表观代谢率均有显著影响(P<0.05),适当提高饲粮能量水平可以提高各养分的表观代谢率,进而提高饲料利用率。以此为判定指标,推荐0~6周龄贵州黄鸡饲粮能量水平为12.54 MJ/kg。饲粮能量水平对0~6周龄贵州黄鸡的能量、粗脂肪以及粗蛋白质的摄入量和沉积率均有显著影响(P<0.05)。适宜的饲粮能量水平会提高三大养分的沉积率,以此为评定指标,推荐0~6周龄贵州黄鸡饲粮能量水平为12.54 MJ/kg。通过回归分析建立的0~6周龄贵州黄鸡的能量需要预测模型为AME G=377.70+1.6069NE G(R 2=0.7591,式中AME G为增重表观代谢能,NE G为增重净能),得出每千克代谢体重的维持表观代谢能需要量为377.70 kJ,其增重表观代谢能的增重净能转化率为62.23%。This experiment was conducted to study the energy requirement of Guizhou yellow chicken during 0 to 6 weeks of age,in order to provide theoretical basis and data reference for the scientific breeding of Guizhou yellow chickens and the formulation of feeding standards.A total of 400 healthy 1-day-old Guizhou yellow chicken chicks were selected in a single-factor completely randomized trial design and randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 repetitions of 20 chicks each.The dietary energy levels of 4 groups were 10.03,11.71,12.54 and 13.16 MJ/kg,respectively.The trial period was 6 weeks.The weekly body weight and feed intake of Guizhou yellow chickens were measured,and the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed-to-gain ratio were calculated.The apparent metabolic energy and nutrient apparent metabolizabilities were measured by metabolic test,and the physical energy,crude protein and ether extract contents of Guizhou yellow chickens were measured by comparing slaughter test,and the physical energy,protein and fat deposition rate of chickens were calculated to determine the appropriate dietary energy level.The results showed the dietary energy level had significant effects on the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed-to-gain ratio of Guizhou yellow chicken during 0 to 6 weeks of age(P<0.05).On the average daily gain of binary regression analysis to get the optimum dietary energy level was 11.17 MJ/kg.Dietary energy level had significant effects on the apparent metabolizabilities of nutrients of Guizhou yellow chicken during 0 to 6 weeks of age(P<0.05),and appropriate increase in dietary energy level could improve the apparent metabolizabilities of each nutrient and thus improve feed utilization.As a judge index,the recommended dietary energy level of Guizhou yellow chicken during 0 to 6 weeks of age was 12.54 MJ/kg.Dietary energy level had significant effects on the intake and deposition rates of energy,crude protein and ether extract of Guizhou yellow chicken during 0 to 6 weeks of age(P

关 键 词：贵州黄鸡 能量水平 能量需要量 能量模型 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]