5种禾草种子萌发及幼苗生长对干旱胁迫的响应和抗旱性评价  

Response of seed germination and seedling growth of five grasses to drought stress and evaluation of their drought resistance

作　　者：张杰雪 王占青 全小龙 梁军 史惠兰 陈梦词 乔有明[1] ZHANG Jie-xue;WANG Zhan-qing;QUAN Xiao-long;LIANG Jun;SHI Hui-lan;CHEN Meng-ci;QIAO You-ming(The State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China;College of Ecol-Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学省部共建三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [3]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2022年第1期21-28,共8页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760691);国家重大研发计划(2017YFC0504803);高等学校学科创新引智计划(D18013)。

摘　　要：为了解5种多年生禾草种子萌发期的抗旱性,采用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱,分别以0,-0.05,-0.15,-0.30,-0.49 MPa PEG-6000溶液作渗透介质,研究了干旱胁迫对同德老芒麦、同德短芒披碱草、青海冷地早熟禾、青海草地早熟禾、青海中华羊茅5种禾草品种种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及幼苗苗高、根长和干重等6个指标的影响。结果表明,随着PEG溶液渗透势降低,5种禾草种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及幼苗苗高和干重均呈现降低趋势,但各草种的不同指标响应不一致,未发现高渗透势介质对发芽有促进作用,但一定范围的渗透势对青海冷地早熟禾和青海中华羊茅幼苗根的生长有促进作用,而对其他3种禾草幼苗的根则有抑制作用。采用隶属函数法对5种禾草萌发期抗旱性综合评价的结果是同德老芒麦>青海草地早熟禾>短芒披碱草>青海冷地早熟禾>青海中华羊茅。In order to investigate the drought resistance of 5 perennial graminoid grasses during the germination period, polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000) was used to simulate drought stress.A series of PEG-6000 concentrations, 0,-0.05,-0.15,-0.30,-0.49 MPa, were used as osmotic media.The perennial graminoid studied were Elymus sibiricus cv.Tongde, Elymus breviaristus cv.Tongde, Poa crymophila cv.Qinghai, Poa pratensis cv Qinghai and Festuca sinensis cv Qinghai.The germination rate, germination potential, germination index and shoot length, root length and dry weight of seedlings were used as indicators.The results showed that the seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index, shoot length and dry weight of the 5 grasses reduced with the decease of osmotic potential, but the response of different indicators of each grass was inconsistent.High osmotic potential media did not affect the germination, but promoted the growth of seedling roots of Poa crymophila cv.Qinghai and Festuca sinensis cv.Qinghai, and inhibited the roots of the other three grass seedlings.The Membership Function showed that the overall drought resistance of the five grasses during the germination period was ranked as: Elymus sibiricus cv.Tongde>Poa pratensis cv.Qinghai>Elymus breviaristus cv.Tongde>Poa crymophila cv.Qinghai>Festuca sinensis cv.Qinghai.

关 键 词：多年生禾草 PEG-6000 干旱胁迫 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]