Cytomegalovirus retinitis in the highly active anti-retroviral therapy era  

作　　者：Ifeoma N.Ude Steven Yeh Jessica G.Shantha 

机构地区：[1]Morehouse School of Medicine,Atlanta,GA,USA [2]Francis I.Proctor Foundation,University of California,San Francisco,CA,USA [3]Truhlsen Eye Institute,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE,USA

出　　处：《Annals of Eye Science》2022年第1期42-50,共9页眼科学年鉴（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health core grant P30-EY06360(Department of Ophthalmology,Emory University School of Medicine);National Eye Institute,National Institutes of Health R01 EY029594(Yeh)and K23 EY030158(Shantha);Funding support was also provided via an Unrestricted Grant from Research to Prevent Blindness(Emory Eye Center,Emory University School of Medicine);Research support has also been provided by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Mallinckrodt Award and the Stanley M.Truhlsen Family Foundation,Inc.

摘　　要：Cytomegalovirus(CMV)retinitis is an opportunistic infection that has traditionally affected those who have HIV/AIDS or immunosuppressed individuals.CMV retinitis previously infected one-third of AIDS patients in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)era,but since HAART,Western countries have seen an 80%decrease in the incidence of the disease.More recently,CMV retinitis has been reported in patients who are immunosuppressed,often due to chemotherapy or immunomodulatory medications.The diagnosis of CMV retinitis is often suspected based on clinical findings,with polymerase chain reaction for confirmation of CMV,especially in atypical cases.Highly active antiretroviral therapy and anti-CMV medications(systemic or local)remain the mainstay of treatment.However,for those who are not responsive to HAART,CMV retinitis remains a challenge,and can still lead to significant vision loss.Moreover,a regimen of anti-CMV medications can sometimes lead to viral resistance or organ toxicity.Complications such as immune recovery retinitis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments continue to threaten the vision of patients who develop CMV retinitis.These complications can arise following initiation of treatment or if patients show disease progression.Proper vision screening for CMV retinitis in immunosuppressed patients at-risk is necessary for early detection and treatment.

关 键 词：Cytomegalovirus(CMV) RETINITIS highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]