Cooperative Chloride Hydrogel Electrolytes Enabling Ultralow-Temperature Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries by the Hofmeister Effect  

作　　者：Changyuan Yan Yangyang Wang Xianyu Deng Yonghang Xu 

机构地区：[1]Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,People’s Republic of China [2]School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China

出　　处：《Nano-Micro Letters》2022年第6期219-233,共15页纳微快报（英文版）

基　　金：We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(21875055 and 21674031);the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(2019A1515110447);the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019B1515120008);the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2021B0101260001);and the Characteristic Innovation Research Project of College Teachers of Foshan(2019XCC03);Open access funding provided by Shanghai Jiao Tong University

摘　　要：Aqueous zinc ion batteries have high potential applicability for energy storage due to their reliable safety,environmental friendliness,and low cost.However,the freezing of aqueous electrolytes limits the normal operation of batteries at low temperatures.Herein,a series of high-performance and low-cost chloride hydrogel electrolytes with high concentrations and low freezing points are developed.The electrochemical windows of the chloride hydrogel electrolytes are enlarged by>1 V under cryogenic conditions due to the obvious evolution of hydrogen bonds,which highly facilitates the operation of electrolytes at ultralow temperatures,as evidenced by the low-temperature Raman spectroscopy and linear scanning voltammetry.Based on the Hofmeister effect,the hydrogen-bond network of the cooperative chloride hydrogel electrolyte comprising 3 M ZnCl_(2)and 6 M LiCl can be strongly interrupted,thus exhibiting a sufficient ionic conductivity of 1.14 mS cm;and a low activation energy of 0.21 e V at-50℃.This superior electrolyte endows a polyaniline/Zn battery with a remarkable discharge specific capacity of 96.5 mAh g;at-50℃,while the capacity retention remains~100%after 2000 cycles.These results will broaden the basic understanding of chloride hydrogel electrolytes and provide new insights into the development of ultralow-temperature aqueous batteries.

关 键 词：Chloride hydrogel Electrochemical window Cooperative effect HYDROGEN-BOND Ultralow temperature Aqueous zinc ion battery 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TQ427.26[化学工程]