应用坐姿矫正器改善小学生读写姿势的效果研究  

Effect of applying sitting posture corrector on improving reading and writing posture of elementary school students

作　　者：杨玉娟 冯晓刚[2] 罗春燕[2] 杨东玲[2] 欧阳芳 朱思奇 曲爽笑 YANG Yujuan;FENG Xiaogang;LUO Chunyan;YANG Dongling;OUYANG Fang;ZHU Siqi;QU Shuangxiao(Educational Technology Equipment Center,Shanghai Education Committee,Shanghai 200070,China;Division of Child and Adolescent Health,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市教育委员会教育技术装备中心,上海200070 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康所,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2022年第3期223-226,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2020年度上海市教育委员会项目(无编号);上海市第五轮公共卫生三年行动计划重点学科项目(GWV-10.1-XK08)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索坐姿矫正器对小学生读写姿势的改善效果,为儿童青少年近视防控提供依据。【方法】采用方便抽样法抽取上海市市区、郊区各1所学校,每所学校抽取三、四年级各4个班级。其中,每个年级选取2个班级作为干预组(n=282),另外2个班级作为对照组(n=294)。2020年9月干预组学生在学校教室使用项目组提供的坐姿矫正器,对照组学生不使用,干预时间为2020年9月—2021年1月,共4个月。通过自行研制的调查问卷进行问卷调查,并对干预组和对照组学生进行视力检查,分别在干预前和干预后收集相关数据。采用χ^(2)检验和广义估计方程分析进行统计学分析。【结果】干预前,干预组学生读写姿势良好比例为13.5%(38/282),对照组学生读写姿势良好比例为12.2%(36/294),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.195,P=0.659);干预后,干预组学生读写姿势良好的比例为18.4%(52/282),高于对照组学生读写姿势良好的比例11.2%(33/294),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.957,P=0.015)。干预前后,干预组和对照组学生近视率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。广义估计方程分析结果显示,干预后干预组学生读写姿势良好的可能性是对照组的1.502倍(P=0.043)。【结论】在学校使用坐姿矫正器可以改善学生的读写姿势。[Objective]To evaluate the effect of applying sitting posture corrector on improving reading and writing posture of elementary school students,and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents.[Methods]One elementary school each in urban and suburban areas of Shanghai was selected using a convenience sampling strategy.Furthermore,two classes each in Grade 3 and 4 were selected as the intervention group(282 students were included in the study),and the other two classes each in Grades 3 and 4 were selected as the control group(294 students were included in the study).Students in the intervention group used the sitting posture corrector in the classrooms for 4 months(from September 2020 to January 2021),while those in the control group did not use the sitting posture corrector.Relevant data were collected before and after the intervention through a self-administered questionnaire and visual examination.Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test and generalized estimating equation.[Results]Before the intervention,13.5%(38/282)of students in the intervention group and 12.2%(36/294)in the control group had good reading and writing posture(χ^(2)=0.195,P>0.659).After the intervention,18.4%(52/282)of students in the intervention group had good reading and writing posture,which was higher than that(11.2%,33/294)in the control group(χ^(2)=5.957,P=0.015).Before and after the intervention,there was no significant differences in the prevalence of myopia between students in the intervention and control groups(all P>0.05).Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that students in the intervention group were 1.502 times more likely to have good reading and writing posture than those in the control group after the intervention(P=0.043).[Conclusion]Applying sitting posture corrector in schools could improve students'reading and writing posture.

关 键 词：坐姿矫正器 小学生 读写姿势 近视 干预 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]