全程液体配方肥追肥对膜下滴灌马铃薯的减肥增效作用  

Effect on Fertilizer Application Reduction and Benefit Increase of Liquid Formula Additional Fertilizer Applied in Drip Irrigation Under Film During Whole Growth Period of Potato

作　　者：邢杰 陈煜林 丘智晃 赖忠明 李慧成 姬静华 邓兰生[2] XING Jie;CHEN Yulin;QIU Zhihuang;LAI Zhongming;LI Huicheng;JI Jinghua;DENG Lansheng(Ulanqab Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012000,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Inner Mongolia Xiangxi Liquid Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012000,China;Dongguan Yixiang Liquid Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Dongguan,Guangdong 523135,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古乌兰察布市农业技术推广站,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]内蒙古乡喜液体肥料有限公司,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [4]东莞一翔液体肥料有限公司,广东东莞523135

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2022年第1期36-44,共9页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(1282240216232361984);东莞市引进创新创业领军人才计划项目(东人函〔2018〕736号)。

摘　　要：田间液体配肥站模式下,根据内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市马铃薯的施肥现状,以马铃薯‘黄心226’为试验材料,设置了常规底肥和中耕肥+滴灌追肥(总养分1200.5 kg/hm^(2))(CK),不施底肥、全程滴灌追肥且追肥总养分分别为398.3 kg/hm^(2)(T1)和531.0 kg/hm^(2)(T2)3个施肥处理,探究不施底肥,全程液体配方肥追肥在膜下滴灌马铃薯的减肥增产增效作用。结果表明,T1和T2处理在施肥总量较CK分别减少66.82%和55.77%的情况下,马铃薯地上部农艺性状、匍匐茎数、块茎数、生物量与CK的差异随时间推移逐渐缩小或不存在显著性差异,但T1处理增产3.34%、增收3144元/hm^(2),T2处理提高了相对叶绿素含量,且显著增产22.01%,增收11294元/hm^(2)。综上,不施底肥,全程滴灌追肥且追肥总养分为531.0 kg/hm^(2)的T2施肥模式,可达到减肥、增产、增效的综合最优效果。Under the mode of field liquid fertilizer distribution station,according to the current situation of potato fertilization in Ulanqab City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,three fertilization treatments,i.e.conventional base fertilizer combined with intertillage fertilizer+additional fertilizer applied in drip irrigation(total nutrients 1200.5 kg/ha)(CK),and additional fertilizer in drip irrigation only[total nutrients 398.3 kg/ha(T1)and 531.0 kg/ha(T2)],were set using the potato variety'Huangxin 226'as the experimental material to investigate the effect on fertilizer application reduction and benefit increase of liquid formula additional fertilizer applied in drip irrigation under film during whole growth period of potato.Compared with CK,T1 and T2 treatments reduced the total fertilization rates by 66.82%and 55.77%.However,the differences in aboveground agronomic traits,stolon number,tuber number,and biomass among CK,T1 and T2 were not significant or declined over time.Compared with CK,T1 treatment increased yield by 3.34%and income by 3144 Yuan/ha while T2 treatment improved relative chlorophyll content,significantly increased yield by 22.01%and income by 11294 Yuan/ha.In summary,T2 treatment,i.e.,drip fertilization at 531.0 kg/ha without application of base fertilizer,was the best fertilization mode to reduce fertilization rate,and increase yield and economic benefit.

关 键 词：液体肥 追肥 农艺性状 产量 大薯率 经济效益 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]