考虑环境外部性和风光出力不确定性的虚拟电厂运行优化  

Optimal Operation of Virtual Power Plant Considering Environmental Externality and Output Uncertainty of Wind and Photovoltaic Power

作　　者：孙晶琪[1] 王愿 郭晓慧 周奕全 王玉玮[2] 薛万磊 SUN Jingqi;WANG Yuan;GUO Xiaohui;ZHOU Yiquan;WANG Yuwei;XUE Wanlei(School of Economic and Management,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Economics and Management,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京市102206 [2]华北电力大学经济管理系,河北省保定市071003 [3]国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院,山东省济南市250022

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2022年第8期50-59,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(G2020502004);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFB1707802);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71973043)。

摘　　要：虚拟电厂在建设运行中产生的环境外部性影响其运行的经济效益与环境效益。首先,单独核算煤电、风电和光伏发电的单位环境外部性成本,并将其计入虚拟电厂的单位发电量成本。在此基础上,考虑风光出力的不确定性,构建基于Wasserstein距离的风光出力预测误差模糊集的两阶段分布鲁棒优化模型,使虚拟电厂在风光出力预测误差满足模糊集内最坏分布的情况下调整柔性资源,实现运行成本最小,以此研究虚拟电厂的调度决策问题。最后,算例仿真与对比分析验证了考虑环境外部性对虚拟电厂经济、低碳运行的积极作用,以及构建的两阶段分布鲁棒优化模型的适用性与计算简便性。The environmental externality produced in the construction and operation of virtual power plants(VPPs)affects the benefits of the economic and environmental operation.First,the unit environmental externality cost of coal power,wind power and photovoltaic power is calculated separately and included in the unit power generation cost of VPPs.On this basis,a two-stage distributed robust optimization model of the prediction error fuzzy set for wind and photovoltaic power output is built based on the Wasserstein distance.The model enables the VPP to adjust the flexible resources under the condition that the prediction errors of wind and photovoltaic output satisfies the worst distribution of the fuzzy set,so as to realize the minimum operating cost,and the scheduling and decision problems of the VPPs are studied.Finally,the example simulation and comparative analysis verify the positive effect of considering environmental externality on the economic and low-carbon operation of VPPs,the applicability and the computing simplicity of the two-stage distributed robust optimization model.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 环境外部性 不确定性 分布鲁棒优化 Wasserstein距离 

分 类 号：TM732[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]