天津市中心城区养老机构空间分布及优化  

Spatial Distribution and Optimization of the Facilities for the Aged in Tianjin Central City

作　　者：曲翠萃[1] 张婧悦 孙莹 张小弸[1] Qu Cuicui;Zhang Jingyue;Sun Ying;Zhang Xiaopeng(School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《天津大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期258-263,共6页Journal of Tianjin University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFF0303300);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51708393);天津市艺术科学规划一般项目(D18008).

摘　　要：对天津市中心城区既有养老机构进行调研,得到数据,建立数据库,利用Arc GIS软件,从规模差异、机构性质、交通可达性、核密度、周边资源支持、供需匹配度等方面分析养老机构的空间分布特征。总体上,天津市中心城区养老机构规模小、呈多散点的空间分布形态;床位供给严重不足,入住率不均衡;多采用小型建筑改扩建,就近嵌入的选址方式。此外,中心城区各辖区之间,存在养老资源供给均衡性有差异、养老机构交通可达性较好、医疗资源支持度不均衡的特点。文章在此基础上,兼顾效率与公平原则,提出政策干预、科学选址、利用城市现有存量进行改扩建的养老机构配置策略,以期能优化天津市养老服务资源,协调养老供需关系,提高社会养老服务效率。Based on the research on the information of the existing facilities for the aged in Tianjin central city, the database is established, and the ArcGIS software is used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the facilities for the aged from aspects including differences in scale, nature of the facilities, traffic accessibility, core density, peripheral resource support, supply and demand matching degree, etc. The conclusion is that, on the whole, the facilities for the aged in the central city are small in scale and scattered in space;the supply of beds is seriously insufficient and the occupancy rate is imbalanced;the site selection methods of small-scale patching and nearby embedding are adopted. In addition, among regions, there are differences in the supply of the old-age resources, good traffic accessibility, and uneven support for medical resources of facilities for the aged. Based on the analysis, according to the principle of efficiency and fairness, the paper puts forward policy intervention, scientific site selection, and reconstruction and expansion of facilities for the aged by using the existing urban stock, so as to optimize the elderly service resources in Tianjin, coordinate the supply and demand of elderly, and improve the efficiency of social elderly service.

关 键 词：养老机构 空间分布 Arc GIS软件 区域差异 优化策略 

分 类 号：TU984.16[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]