排出器等效机械阻尼对斯特林发电机性能影响分析  

Investigation on the Impact of Displacer Equivalent Mechanical Damping Coefficient on the Performance of a Free-piston Stirling Generator

作　　者：江志杰 朱顺敏 余国瑶[1] 戴巍[1] 罗二仓[1,2] JIANG Zhi-Jie;ZHU Shun-Min;YU Guo-Yao;DAI Wei;LUO Er-Cang(Key Laboratory of Cryogenics,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所低温工程学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2022年第4期857-862,共6页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：自然科学基金项目(No.51876214,No.51976230);中科院先导项目(No.XDC03050101,No.XDA21080300)。

摘　　要：自由活塞斯特林发电机是一种高效紧凑的外燃式热机,在分布式冷热电联供等能源应用领域具有重要应用前景。本文针对本组研制的自由活塞斯特林发电机,计算考察了排出器等效阻尼 R_(m)对发电机性能的影响规律,并与实验结果对比。研究结果表明,排出器等效机械阻尼首先会影响自由活塞斯特林发动机内部声场的分布规律,导致声阻抗变化进而影响发动机和直线电机的声阻抗匹配关系。其次,等效机械阻尼直接导致排出器的动力学损失和 损失,并通过声场耦合影响活塞的损失。计算中,当 R_(m)从 0.5 Ns/m 增大至 80 Ns/m 时,电功从 5247 W 降低至 4673 W,下降 12.2%,整机热电转换效率则由 40.4%降至 36%。而实验中,当 R_(m)为 30 Ns/m 时,输出电功为 4307 W,整机热电转换效率为 33%,误差为 13%。Free-piston Stirling electric generator is an efficient and compact external combustion heat engine, which has significant application prospects in energy-saving applications such as distributed CHP(combined heat and power). Based on a self-manufactured free-piston Stirling generator, this paper studies the influence of the displacer equivalent damping coefficient Rmon the performance of the generator, and compares it with the experimental results. Results indicate that the change of Rmwill first affect the internal acoustic field, leading to changes in the acoustic impedance of the interface between engine and alternator, which consequently inflicts mismatch.Then, Rmdirectly changes the dynamic loss and exergy loss of the displacer and induces the loss of the piston. In the calculation, when Rmincreases from 0.5 Ns/m to 80 Ns/m, the electrical power decreases from 5247 W to 4673 W, i.e., 12.2% of reduction, meanwhile the electrical efficiency decreases from 40.4% to 36%. In the experiment, when Rmis 30 Ns/m, the electrical power is 4307W, the electrical efficiency is 33%, corresponding to a discrepancy of 13%.

关 键 词：自由活塞斯特林发电机 热声 排出器 等效机械阻尼 

分 类 号：TK05[动力工程及工程热物理]