TC4钛合金纵弯超声振动铣削装置及其加工性能研究  

Study on Longitudinal-Bending Hybrid Ultrasonic Vibration Milling Device and Machining Performance of TC4 Titanium Alloy

作　　者：张俊杰[1] 刘英想[2] 胡王杰 杜鹏飞 韩腊 邓杰 邱旭 赵学森[1] 胡振江[1] 孙涛[1] ZHANG Junjie;LIU Yingxiang;HU Wangjie;DU Pengfei;HAN La;DENG Jie;QIU Xu;ZHAO Xuesen;HU Zhenjiang;SUN Tao(Center for Precision Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学精密工程研究所,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2022年第8期14-21,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国防基础科研核科学挑战专题(TZ2018006–0201–02);国家自然科学基金联合基金重点支持项目(U1913215)。

摘　　要：TC4钛合金因其优异的综合机械性能在航空、航天工业中得到了广泛应用,但其高塑性和低导热系数引起的刀具–切屑黏附是制约其铣削加工性能提升的一个关键因素。针对TC4钛合金铣削加工性能提升的需求,提出了一种基于刀具纵弯复合超声振动辅助铣削的加工方式,通过控制刀具纵弯复合超声振动的幅值和相位实现可控的间歇式切削,降低刀具–切屑黏附,从而提高TC4铣削加工质量。首先,从理论上解析了刀具纵弯复合超声振动辅助铣削的运动学原理,据此设计并制造了刀具纵弯复合振动轴,与高速铣削主轴安装后刀尖的径向跳动低于20μm。其次,搭建了三轴联动纵弯复合超声振动辅助铣削加工装置,据此进行了TC4钛合金纵弯复合超声振动辅助微铣削加工试验,并对试验结果进行了表征分析。结果显示,与普通铣削相比,对刀具施加纵弯复合超声振动有效地降低了切削力、毛刺生成和刀具磨损,并提升了表面加工质量,证明了应用刀具纵弯复合超声振动辅助提升TC4钛合金铣削加工性能的可行性。TC4 titanium alloy has been widely used in aviation and aerospace industry because of its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties.However,the high plasticity and low thermal conductivity of TC4 lead to pronounced tool-chip adhesion,which is a key factor restricting the improvement of its milling performance.In this paper,a longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration assisted milling method is proposed to improve the milling performance of TC4,through the reduction of tool-chip adhesion accompanied by the controllable intermittent cutting realized by individually controlling the amplitude and phase of longitudinal and bending ultrasonic vibration of the cutting tool.Firstly,the kinematics principle of longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration assisted milling is analyzed theoretically.Based on this,the longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration tool is designed and manufactured.After assembly of the vibration tool with the high-speed spindle,the radial runout of the milling tool is less than 20μm.Then,a threeaxis linkage equipment of longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration assisted milling is established,with which the vibration-assisted milling experiments of TC4 are carried out,and the experimental results are characterized and analyzed.The experimental results show that the applying of longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration to conventional milling effectively reduces the cutting force,the burr generation and the tool wear,while improving the surface machining quality,which demonstrate the feasibility of applying the longitudinal-bending hybrid ultrasonic vibration assisted milling in improving the milling performance of TC4 titanium alloy.

关 键 词：TC4钛合金 铣削加工性能 纵弯复合 超声振动辅助铣削 间歇式切削 

分 类 号：V26[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] V46[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG54