电磁式漏电断路器的空间磁场抗扰分析及屏蔽结构设计  

Anti-Magnetic Field Interference Analysis and Shielding Structure Design of Electromagnetic Residual Current Circuit Breaker

作　　者：李奎[1,2] 李常宇 牛峰[1,2] 罗晨 武一[2] Li Kui;Li Changyu;Niu Feng;Luo Chen;Wu Yi(State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130 China;Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130 China;State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Corporation Chengxi Power Supply Company,Tianjin 300190 China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津300130 [2]河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津300130 [3]国网天津市电力公司城西供电分公司,天津300190

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2022年第9期2161-2169,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977059);河北省自然科学基金(E2020202042)资助项目。

摘　　要：漏电断路器作为低压配电系统中重要的保护装置,主要用于防止漏电火灾事故发生和保护人身触电安全。电磁式漏电断路器在受到外界磁场干扰时,会引起漏电保护工作特性的变化甚至损坏。通过分析电磁式漏电断路器工作特性,发现磁脱扣器对外界磁场最为敏感,平行于磁脱扣器磁路平面方向的外界磁场对其影响最大;进行了漏电断路器内部导体结构的最优设计,内部导体与磁脱扣器磁路在同一平面内时导体中负荷电流产生的磁场对磁脱扣器的影响最小;设计了一种用于降低磁场干扰的磁脱扣器屏蔽罩,并分析了不同导磁屏蔽材料及结构等对其屏蔽效果的影响。通过对电磁式漏电断路器内走线的优化设计和磁脱扣器的磁屏蔽设计,有效降低了外界磁场和内部负荷电流对电磁式漏电断路器的影响,提高了其抗空间磁场干扰的能力,并通过了实验验证。Residual current circuit breaker(RCCB)is an important protective device in lowvoltage distribution system,which is mainly used to prevent leakage accidents and protect the personal safety.When the RCCB is disturbed by external magnetic field,it will cause the change of the leakage protection working characteristics or even damage.By analyzing the operating characteristics of RCCB,it is found that the magnetic release is most sensitive to the external magnetic field,and the external magnetic field parallel to the direction of magnetic circuit plane of magnetic release has the greatest impact on it.The optimal design of internal conductor structure of RCCB was carried out.When the conductor and the magnetic circuit of magnetic release in the same plane,the magnetic field generated by conductor has the least impact on magnetic release.A shielding of magnetic release to resist the magnetic field interference was designed,and the influence of different materials and structures on shielding effect was analyzed.By optimizing the internal wiring form and installing the shielding,the influence of external magnetic field and load current on RCCB was effectively reduced,and the ability to resist the interference of spatial magnetic field was improved,which verified by experiments.

关 键 词：漏电断路器 磁脱扣器 空间磁场干扰 磁场屏蔽 屏蔽罩 

分 类 号：TM153.5[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]